2023
RESULTS
Jan Burck
Thea Uhlich Monitoring Climate Mitigation Efforts
Christoph Bals of 59 Countries plus the EU – covering 92%
Niklas H"ohne
Leonardo Nascimento of the Global Greenhouse Gas EmissionsCCPI o Results 2023 Germanwatch, NewClimate Institute & Climate Action Network
Imprint
Germanwatch – Bonn Office Authors:
Kaiserstr. 201 Jan Burck, Thea Uhlich, Christoph Bals,
D-53113 Bonn, GermanyNiklas H"ohne, Leonardo Nascimento,
Ph.: +49 (0) 228 60492-0 Monica Tavares, Elisabeth Strietzel
Fax: +49 (0) 228 60492-19
With support of:
Germanwatch – Berlin OfficePieter van Breevoort, Bj"ork Lucas,
Stresemannstr. 72 Lotta Hambrecht, Ana Tamblyn
D-10963 Berlin, Germany The authors would also like to thank Nicklas Forsell (IIASA)
Ph.: +49 (0) 30 57 71 328-0for his great support regarding the LULUCF emissions.
Fax: +49 (0) 30 57 71 328-11
Editing:
E-mail: ccpi@germanwatchAdam Goulston, Tobias Rinn
germanwatch
Maps:
Made by 23°
Design:
Dietmar Putscher
Coverphoto: Unsplash / Annie Spratt
NewClimate Institute – Cologne Office
Waidmarkt 11a November 2022
D-50676 Cologne, Germany You can find this publication as well
Ph.: +49 (0) 221 99983300 as interactive maps and tables at
NewClimate Institute – Berlin Office ccpi
Sch"onhauser Allee 10-11
D-10119 Berlin, Germany
Ph.: +49 (0) 030 208492742
CAN
Climate Action Network International Contents
Kaiserstr. 201
D-53113 Bonn, GermanyForeword 3
1. State of the Climate: Trying to beat the clock 4
2. Overall Results CCPI 20236
2.1 Category Results – GHG Emissions 8
2.2 Category Results – Renewable Energy 10
2.3 Category Results – Energy Use 12
2.4 Category Results – Climate Policy14
3. Key Country Results 16
4. About the CCPI 26
5. Endnotes 28
Annex 29
With financial support from
the Barthel Foundation
2CCPI o Results 2023 Germanwatch, NewClimate Institute & Climate Action Network
Foreword
Informing the process of raising climate ambition
Published annually since 2005, the Climate Change Perfor- In this context, the CCPI has gained further relevance as a
mance Index (CCPI) is an independent monitoring tool for long-standing and reliable tool to identify leaders and lag-
tracking the climate protection performance of 59 coun- gards in climate protection.
tries and the EU. Every year, the CCPI sets off important
public and political debates within the countries assessed. The impact of the CCPI as a climate protection monitor-
The CCPI aims to enhance transparency in international ing and communication tool also depends on whether and
climate politics and enables comparison of climate protec- how the index is used by different actors. We are glad to
tion efforts and progress made by individual countries. The see that the CCPI is increasingly used by financial actors
climate protection performance of those countries, which to rate sovereign bonds. Given the key role of the financial
together account for 92% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) market in determining whether investments are made in
emissions, is assessed in four categories: GHG Emissions, high-emission or low-emission infrastructures and tech-
Renewable Energy, Energy Use and Climate Policy.nology developments for shifting the trillions. Therefore,
the CCPI is an important tool to promote the reallocation
The countries’ commitments under the Paris Agreement of investments by providing crucial information on climate
are still insufficient: to limit global warming to a maximum of change for Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG)
1.5°C a more ambitious climate action is urgently needed. ratings for finance actors.
Jan Burck Thea Uhlich Christoph Bals
(Germanwatch)(Germanwatch)(Germanwatch)
Niklas H"ohne Leonardo NascimentoTasneem Essop
(NewClimate Institute) (NewClimate Institute) (Climate Action Network
International)
Authors and acknowledgements
The Index is published by Germanwatch, NewClimate through the continued support and contributions of around
Institute and the Climate Action Network. The CCPI’s unique 450 climate and energy experts. We express our gratitude
climate policy section, evaluating countries’ national and to these experts and greatly appreciate their time, efforts,
international climate policy performance, is only possible and knowledge in contributing to this publication.*
* A full list of contributors to the climate policy evaluation can be found in the Annex of this publication.
3CCPI o Results 2023 Germanwatch, NewClimate Institute & Climate Action Network
1. State of the Climate: Trying to beat the clock
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine illustrates that most countries Fossil fuel production: The elephant in
still heavily depend on fossil fuels. This dependency af- the room
fects countries’ ability to function and to provide essential
services for their populations. Fossil fuels account for over 75% of all anthropogenic
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.3 Therefore, curbing fos-
The COVID-19 recovery has largely been a missed op-
sil fuel extraction and production is a vital part of the solu-
portunity for climate progress, and we are again at a
tion. Countries extracting and profiting from selling fossil
crossroads. We can use this external shock to improve
fuels to others should be subject to increased scrutiny.
how we heat, move, and live sustainably, or we can con-
tinue supporting our current and dangerous fossil system. Rather than decreasing fossil fuel production, govern -
This sustainable transformation’s importance and urgency ments are planning to, by 2030, produce twice the amount
have never been clearer – not only to save our climate but of fossil fuels globally than what is consistent with limiting
for our future society and peace. global warming to 1.5°C.4 The nine largest coal-procuring
countries5 account for 90% of global coal production. 6
Expansion of renewables and energy savings are the
While countries such as France, Costa Rica, and Denmark
backbones of decarbonisation.1 In 2022, renewable en -
have introduced or scheduled moratoriums on fossil fuel
ergy (RE) supply grew significantly because of falling
exports, others such as Mexico and Saudi Arabia plan to
costs. The World Energy Investment Report 2022 shows
increase their exporting capacity.7 Instead of focusing its
RE comprising the majority of energy sector investments.
investments on RE, the G20 nations have added nearly
Investments in fossil fuels, meanwhile, did not rebound to
USD300 billion towards fossil fuel activities since the
pre-pandemic levels.2
COVID-19 pandemic began.8 These investments are at
These positive developments and trends could trigger an risk of becoming stranded assets and locking in additional
upward spiral supporting a sustainable and just transi- fossil fuel use.
tion. Yet there is a persistent and critical need to use all
The CCPI has decided to flag the 17 countries responsible
available opportunities and to halt all support for fossil
for a large share of fossil fuel production. These countries
fuels. Recent developments show that fossil infrastructure
belong to the top 20 oil and gas producers, top nine global
is growing in response to the energy crisis. Countries
coal producers, and/or plan to increase annual produc-
must phase out fossil fuel subsidies and redirect their
tion of fossil fuels by 2030. To keep the Paris Agreement
investments to avoid undermining efforts to increase the
promises in reach, no new permits for fossil fuel extraction
low-carbon energy supply. Energy demand reduction in
should be handed out, and no new fossil fuel infrastruc-
developed countries and energy efficiency improvements