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签字日期: 2021 年 5 月31 日
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签字日期:2021年5月31日
签字日期:2021年5月 31日
摘要
随着中国对外开放水平的不断提升,中国对外直接投资的规模也日益扩大。
根据统计数据显示,2019年,中国对外投资流量和存量分别达到了1369.1亿美
元和21988.8亿美元,投资范围涵盖全球188个国家,18个国民经济行业大类。
中国投资对世界产生举足轻重的影响。然而,中国对外直接投资在迎来自身的发
展机遇时,也要面对不小的挑战。海外市场不可预知的风险和差异都会给中国投
资的发展带来不小困难。因此,如何有效利用相关优势促进对外投资的发展成为
了中国跨国企业必须的面对的问题。本文以海外移民为切入点,选取中国与 32
个 OECD国家的投资数据为分析对象,深入分析海外移民网络对我国对外直接
投资的影响。
本文首先运用文献研究法,梳理国内外学者关于对外直接投资与海外移民的
研究成果,并使用相关数据对中国对外直接投资以及海外移民的现状做深入分析,
接着从社区网络效应,沟通作用以及降低交易成本三个角度分析海外移民网络对
我国企业对外投资的影响机制。在实证研究方面,本文基于 2003年-2018年中
国对32个 OECD国家的海外移民与对外直接投资数据,并选择市场规模,人均
可支配收入,利率水平,通货膨胀水平,政府治理以及金融发展水平作为控制变
量,使用固定效应模型进行回归分析。同时,使用两国的经济制度差异衡量企业
对外投资面临的交易成本,使用中介效应三步法检验,分析海外移民对我国对外
直接投资的作用机制,再考虑回归的内生性问题,分别使用工具变量法,系统GMM
去除内生性后再做回归,最后使用替换被解释变量的方法进行稳健性检验。最终
得到以下结论:第一,从总体效应而言,海外移民网络可以显著促进我国的对外
投资。第二,从作用机制上分析,海外移民可以有效弥合两国之间的经济制度差
异,降低海外企业面临的交易成本,从而发挥促进投资的作用。
最后,本文再结合理论与实证分析结果,提出相关建议。具体来说,我国企
业应充分发挥海外移民对我国对外直接投资的促进作用,积极与海外华人社团建
立良好的联系,发挥海外移民的沟通协商作用,降低经济制度差异对我国对外直
接投资的负面影响,进一步提升中国对外直接投资的效果和规模。
关键词海外移民;对外直接投资;经济制度差异;固定效应;中介效应
I
Abstract
With the smooth operation of Chinese economy and the continuous improvement
of the level of opening up to the outside world, the scale of Chinese foreign direct
investment is also expanding. According to relevant data, in 2019, The stock of Chinese
foreign investment reached 219.88 billion dollars and the flows reached 136.91 billion
dollars The investment contains18 major categories of national economic industries.
Chinese investment has a decisive influence on the world. At the same time, Chinese
investment also face challenge and opportunity Unpredictable risks and differences
between overseas and domestic will take great difficulties to the development of
Chinese investment. Therefore, how to effectively use relevant advantages to promote
the development of overseas investment is a problem that Chinese multinational
companies must face. This article tries to find the relationship between the immigrant
and outside foreign direct investment (OFDI), Select the data of 32 OECD countries.
To analysis the impact of overseas immigration on Chinese OFDI.
The paper firstly sorts out the literature and comment on domestic and foreign
scholars' research on foreign direct investment and immigration. At the same time,
using relevant data to analysis of the status of Chinese OFDI overseas immigrants. It
also analyzes the influence mechanism of overseas immigrants on Chinese OFDI from
three perspectives: ethnic effect, communication effect, and reduction of transaction
costs. In terms of empirical research, the article uses the data of Chinese overseas
immigration and OFDI in 32 OECD countries from 2003 to 2018, and selects market
size, per capita disposable income, interest rate level, inflation level, government
governance and the development of finance as a variable, use fixed-effects model to
analysis. At the same time, use difference of the economic systems between two
countries to measure the investment costs of overseas companies, and the three-step test
of the intermediary effect is used to analyze the mechanism of overseas immigrants on
Chinese OFDI, and the two-stage least squares method (2SLS) is used to remove
endogeneity. Finally use robustness test and other methods to take following
conclusions: Firstly, the overseas immigration network has a significant impact on
promoting Chinese OFDI. Last, overseas immigrants can reduce the difference of
economic system differences between the two countries, to promote Chinese OFDI.
Finally, the article comes up with the conclusion base on theoretical and empirical
research. Chinese multinational companies should realize the role of overseas
immigrants in promoting Chinese OFDI, and actively establish contacts with overseas
II
。。。以下略