大连理工大学专业学位硕士学位论文
摘
要
近些年，小微金融服务受到国家及监管机构的密切关注。围绕普惠金融理念的出现，
经济新态势下的小微客户融资难又贵的困扰凸显。为助力小微企业积极发展，国家及监
管部门提出两增两控考核要求，为小微群体给予信贷支撑。受新冠疫情的突袭，小微企
业遭受了空前未有的挫折，金融助力小微复工复产迫在眉睫。
Y 银行 L 支行的小微信贷发展从开始的探寻时期，逐步走向如今的优化改进阶段。
但是通过对 Y 银行 L 支行的深入探究发现，其小微存量业务的逾期贷款有日趋加大的
趋势，且存在存量客户财务管理不规范、银企数据不匹配等现状，Y银行 L支行亟需实
用性强的措施来解决小微企业信用风险管理上存在的问题和困境。本文从小微企业贷款
信用风险的概念及相关理论出发，以 Y 银行 L 支行这样一个一级支行作为研究对象。
首先剖析了 Y银行 L支行小微客户信用风险管理的近况，得出 Y银行 L支行信息来源
少可靠性低、信用风险分散能力低、抵押品效果差、信用风险监管流于形式的问题。然
后解释 Y 银行 L 支行小微信贷存量业务问题产生的缘由。最后提出完善信用风险管理
体系的建议及相应的保障措施，完善建议中主要包括优化小微企业贷款资源配置及评级
内容、有效运用风险预警等级机制、积极拓宽担保模式、加强抵押品的风险缓释管理、
加强信用风险闭环控制五个方面。保障措施主要包括强化履职及精细化管理机制、加强
小微企业信贷人才培养、完善考核与竞争机制、强化理念培养及文化支撑。
2020年疫情的重创和冲击及成本压力的加大，小微企业发展依然存在挑战，因此 Y
银行 L 支行面临的小微企业信用风险依然突出。本文围绕 Y 银行 L 支行的实际发展现
状，通过分析问题、提出问题并查找原因，同时提出小微企业贷款信用风险管理的改进
策略和保障措施，以此来提高 Y银行 L支行的核心竞争力，对完善 Y银行小微企业信
用风险管理的研究可以提供一定的参照，也希望以此契机给其他金融机构以参考。
关键词：小微企业；商业银行；信贷业务；信用风险
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Y银行 L支行小微企业信用风险管理研究
Research on Credit Risk Management of Small and Micro Enterprises in L
Sub Branch of Bank Y
Abstract
In recent years, the financial services of small and micro enterprises have received urgent
attention from the state and regulatory agencies. Around the emergence of the concept of
inclusive finance, the difficulty and cost of financing for small and micro customers under the
new economic situation has been highlighted. In order to facilitate the active development of
small and micro enterprises, the state and regulatory authorities have proposed two-increase
and two-control assessment requirements to provide credit support for small and micro groups.
Affected by the new crown epidemic, small and micro enterprises have faced problems, and it's
imminent for financial assistance to resume work and production.
The small and micro enterprise loans of L Sub Branch of Bank Y has gradually moved
from the initial exploratory to current optimization level. However, into deep understanding, it's
found that the non-performing loan rate of is increasing year by year, and there are current
conditions such as non-standard financial management of stock customers and mismatching of
bank and enterprise data. L Sub Branch of Bank Y still needs practical and operable measures to
solve the problems and difficulties in the credit risk management of small and micro
enterprises.Starting from the concept and relevant theories of credit risk, this paper takes the
primary branch as the research object. Firstly, it analyzes the current situation of credit risk
management in L Sub Branch of Bank Y, and comes to the conclusion that there are few
sources of information for L Sub Branch of Bank Y and low reliability., low credit risk
diversification ability, has poor collateral effect as well as poor loan quality, the credit risk
supervision is a mere formality. And then the causes of the credit business problems are
analyzed. Finally, it puts forward suggestions and corresponding safeguard measures to
improve the credit risk management system. The suggestions mainly include five aspects:
optimizing the allocation of loan resources and the content of credit ratings, using the risk
warning level mechanism, and broaden the guarantee model, strengthen the risk mitigation
management of collateral, and strengthen the closed-loop control. The safeguard measures
include strengthening the performance and refined management mechanism, strengthening
talents, improving the assessment and competition mechanism, strengthening concept and
cultural training, improving the core competitiveness.
With the severe damage and impact of the epidemic in 2020 and the increase in cost
pressures, there are still challenges in the development of small and micro enterprises.
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大连理工大学专业学位硕士学位论文
Therefore, the credit risks of small and micro enterprises faced by the L Sub Branch of Bank
Y are still outstanding. This article focuses on the L Sub Branch of Bank Y, starting from the
actual development status, analyzes the problems, raises questions, and proposes the
improvement strategies and safeguard measures for the credit risk management of small and
micro enterprise loans in response to the problems, so as to improve the core competitiveness
of the L Sub Branch of Bank Y, Research on improving the credit risk management of small
and micro enterprises in Y bank can provide a certain reference, and hope that this
opportunity can be used as a reference for other financial institutions.
Key Words：Small and Micro Enterprises; Commercial Banks; Credit business; Credit
Risk
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