铁路、公路及基础设施是国家经济发展和社会进步的重要支撑;而铁路建 设则居于首位，其不仅能保证经济可持续发展，满足人民的生活需要，更是 国家未来战略实现的关键。铁路项目质量管控好坏直接影响铁路工程质量， 因为铁路工程质量直接关系到铁路运行期间的安全和经济效益提升，它在项 目管理中占有很大比重，需要我们加大力度研究。AM铁路工程是内蒙古铁 路网络的重要组成部分，该项目担负本地资源输送和人们出行的作用，项目 建设有利于完善本地区铁路网，提升该地区的交通运输能力，降低运输成本， 对于该区域发展有着重要的意义。 本文以AM铁路项目质量管控改进为研究对象，研究分析该项目质量管 控存在问题，提出质量管控建议，为更好地完善该项目质量管控提供有力遵 循，也为该类项目质量管控改进提供指导。本文首先综述了现有的质量管理 理论和铁路项目质量管控研究成果，为AM铁路工程项目质量改进提供理论 支撑。在项目质量管理理论基础上，通过访谈和问卷调查研究AM铁路项目 质量管控现状，分析该项目质量管控建设情况，发现质量管控存在的问题和 导致问题的原因。基于AM铁路项目质量管控问题，以项目质量管理理论为 指导，借鉴铁路项目质量管控最佳实践，建立了AM项目质量管控改进方案， 包括优化项目质量管控组织，明确项目质量管控责任，进一步完善项目质量 管控流程，结合实际修订项目质量管控质量制度，强化创新项目质量管控沟 通、创优和效果评估机制。为了保证项目质量管控改进方案顺利实施，从组 织层面、文化层面、激励层面和技术层面提出项目质量管控改进实施保障措 施。最后从资源投入和社会经济效益方面分析了该项目质量管控改进的效果。 关键词：铁路建设；项目管理；质量管理；管控机制；改进方案 哈尔滨工业大学工商管理硕士学位论文 - II - Abstract Railway, highway and infrastructure are the important support of national economic development and social progress, while railway construction is the first place, which can not only ensure the sustainable development of economy and meet people's living needs, but also is the key to the realization of national future strategy. The quality of railway project is the fundamental guarantee for safety and stable operation of railway. It is an important for railway engineering quality by improving the quality control ability. Therefore, It has great significance to study the quality control of railway projects. The AM railway project is an important part of the Inner Mongolia railway network which is responsible for local resource transportation and people's travel. The project is significant for the development of the region, because it can improve the railway network, enhance transportation capacity and lessen transportation costs. This paper takes am railway construction project quality control improvement as the research object and provides guidance for improving the quality control system and improving the quality control ability of the project. First of all, this paper summarizes the research status of railway project quality management, and the theory of total quality management. Based on the theoretical research results, the current status of quality control of AM railway project was studied through interviews and questionnaires, and problems of quality control and the causes of problems were found. Then the paper established the improvement plan of the quality control system of AM project though theoretical analysis and field research. The improvement plan shown that improve quality control system quality should depend on optimizing the project quality control organization, clarifying the project quality control responsibility, sorting out the project quality control process, improving the project quality control institutions, establishing the project quality control mechanism of communication, excellence and effect evaluation. In order to ensure the successful implementation of the project quality control system improvement program, the paper proposed supporting measures on organizational, cultural, 哈尔滨工业大学工商管理硕士学位论文 - III - incentive and technical levels. Finally, the effects of the improvement of the quality control system were analyzed from the aspects of resource input and social and economic benefits. Keywords: railway construction, project management, quality control, management and control mechanism, improvement strategy 哈尔滨工业大学工商管理硕士学位论文 - IV - 目 录 摘要 ................................................................................................................. I Abstract ............................................................................................................. II 第1章 绪论 ...................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景 .................................................................................................. 1 1.2 研究目的及意义 ...................................................................................... 3 1.2.1 研究目的 ........................................................................................... 3 1.2.2 研究意义 ........................................................................................... 3 1.3 国内外研究现状 ...................................................................................... 3 1.3.1 国外研究现状 ................................................................................... 3 1.3.2 国内研究现状 ................................................................................... 6 1.3.3 研究综述 ........................................................................................... 8 1.4 研究内容及研究方法 ............................................................................... 9 1.4.1 研究内容 ........................................................................................... 9 1.4.2 研究方法 ........................................................................................... 9 第2章 AM铁路项目质量管控现状及问题分析 ........................................... 12 2.1 AM铁路项目概况 ................................................................................. 12 2.2 AM铁路项目质量管控现状 .................................................................. 14 2.2.1 AM铁路项目质量管控方针和目标................................................ 14 2.2.2 AM铁路项目质量管控组织 ........................................................... 14 2.2.3 AM铁路项目质量管控制度 ........................................................... 15 2.2.4 AM铁路项目质量管控手段 ........................................................... 16 2.3 AM铁路项目质量管控存在问题及原因 ............................................... 17 2.3.1 AM铁路项目质量管控存在问题 ................................................... 17 2.3.2 AM铁路项目质量管控问题原因 ................................................... 20 2.4 本章小结 ................................................................................................ 22 第3章 AM铁路项目质量管控改进方案 ....................................................... 23 3.1 质量管控改进依据及思路 ..................................................................... 23 3.1.1 项目质量管控改进原则 .................................................................. 23 3.1.2 项目质量管控改进依据 .................................................................. 24 3.1.3 项目质量管控相关理论 .................................................................. 24 哈尔滨工业大学工商管理硕士学位论文 - V - 3.1.4 项目质量管控理论应用 .................................................................. 25 3.1.5 AM铁路项目质量管控改进思路 ................................................... 26 3.2 项目质量管理组织及制度 ..................................................................... 26 3.2.1 项目质量管控组织 .......................................................................... 26 3.2.2 项目质量管控职责 .......................................................................... 28 3.2.3 项目质量管控流程 .......................................................................... 29 3.2.4 项目质量管控制度 .......................................................................... 30 3.3 项目质量管控机制 .......................................................................