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易地扶贫搬迁作为一种重要的扶贫开发模式,在我国已经有30多年的成功实践, 该模式主要是将自然条件恶劣,生产生活资料匮乏,交通教育医疗等基本公共服务缺失 的老少边穷聚集区的贫困居民整体搬迁至自然环境较为适宜的地区,同时立足于当地资 源优势,配套水利、道路等基本设施建设,教育、文体等公益设施建设,以此提高搬迁 户的生产生活能力,不断转变搬迁地贫困户的发展观念,改变落后的生产生活方式,以 增强其致富能力,并通过刺激和带动相关产业的发展,实现搬迁户受益,当地居民也能 受益的良性脱贫格局,真正确保易地搬迁的扶贫对象能够“搬得出、稳得住、能发展、 可致富”。但与此同时,在实际执行过程中,由于城镇、农村生活成本和习俗不同,迁 入之后社会网络构建的滞后,搬迁户自身文化素质和适应能力的低下,补助标准低,分 配不均等使得在搬迁过程中也暴露出搬迁意愿不强,收入提升不明显,满意度不高,社 会矛盾激化等问题。同时,由于当前工程项目建设成本的不断上涨和贫困地区资金筹借 能力较弱双重问题的叠加,使得易地整体搬迁的经济成本不断提高,工程项目建设的进 度缓慢,易地扶贫搬迁的难度不断加大。 易地扶贫搬迁工作在改善生存环境,解决贫困等方面取得的效果是不言而喻的,但 值得关注的是易地扶贫搬迁的投资效益问题,尤其在当前为推动更好的实现精准扶贫, 精准施策上,这方面的研宄就显得更为重要。本文研究的切入点就是以某贫困地区易地 扶贫搬迁的实际为例,通过实地调査回访和第一手原始数据资料的分析整理,在相关扶 贫开发理论的指导下,构造易地扶贫搬迁项目后评估模型,将定性分析与定量分析相结 合,探求易地扶贫搬迁的项目投资效益,找到影响易地扶贫搬迁投资效益的主要因子, 并有针对性的提出政策建议。论文的主要结构是:第一章为文章的绪论部分,该章主要 对文章的研宄背景、目的、意义做简要的概述;第二章对项目后评估、易地搬迁、扶贫 等文章的核心概念做简要的界定,为后文的分析奠定理论基础:第三章、第四章和第五 章是定量分析部分,通过对影响易地扶贫搬迁项目效果的分析,构建易地扶贫搬迁的综 合评价模型,采用层次分析法对易地扶贫搬迁的后评估做分析;第六章则主要指出文章 的研宄结论,提出建议和展望。 关键词:扶贫项目后评估效果 I STUDYONTHEEFFECTOFTHERELOCATIONANDRELOCATIONPROJECT OFXINMINVILLAGEINSANMINCOUNTRY ABSTRACT Long-distancemoveforpovertyalleviationinChinaalreadyhasmorethan30yearsof successfulpractice,throughchangeofpovertyalleviationmovetopromotepoorfanners changeideas,improvequality,enhancethecapacityoftheirowndevelopment,changetheold ideasformanyyears,tochangethebackwardwayoflife,basedonlocalresourcesadvantage, toimprovetheabilityofpoorfanners'productionandliving,enhancetheirabilitytogetrich. Promotedthedevelopmentofsocialundertakings.Thedevelopmentofrelatedindustrieswas stimulatedanddrivenbytheconstructionofwaterconservancy,roadandotherinfrastructure andpublicwelfarefacilitiessuchaseducationandcultureandsports.Inparticular,the improvementanddevelopmentofpublicwelfarefacilities,suchaspowersupply, transportation,drinkingwaterandhousing,willnotonlybenefitrelocatedfarmers,butalso localresidents.Butatthesametime,therelocatingobjectsforpovertyalleviationaremainly distributedinareasinhabitedbyethnicminorities,rockydesertificationareas,reservoir migrationareas,etc.Theseareashaveharshlivingconditions,fragileecologicalenvironment, inconvenienttransportation,seriousgeologicaldisasters,backwardeconomicandsocial development^anddifficultrelocation.Thesubsidystandardislow,andthereisabiggapin projectconstructionfunds.Duetothecontinuousriseinprojectconstructioncostsandthe lownationalconstructionsubsidystandards,themunicipalandcountygovernmentsandthe relocationpeoplehaverelativelywe£ikfinancingcapacity,whichwilleasilyleadtoagapin housingconstructionfunds,thusaffectingtheoverallprojectprogress. Itisself-evidentthattherelocationworkhasachievedresultsinimprovingtheliving environmentandsolvingpoverty,butitisworthpayingattentiontotheinvestmentbenefitsof relocation,especiallyinthecurrenteffortstopromotebettertargetedpovertyalleviation.This isallthemoreimportant.Theentrypointofthispaperistotaketheactualrelocationof ii povertyalleviationinacertainimpoverishedareaasanexample,toconstructa post-evaluationmodelfortherelocationofpovertyalleviationprojectsundertheguidanceof therelevanttheoryofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentthroughfieldsurveysandthe analysisandcollationoffirst-handrawdata.Thispapercombinesqualitativeanalysiswith quantitativeanalysis,explorestheprojectinvestmentbenefitsoftherelocation,findsthemain factorsthataffecttheinvestmentbenefitsoftherelocation,andputsforwardtargetedpolicy recommendations.Themainstructureofthepaperis:thefirstchapteristheintroductionof thearticle,thischaptermainlygivesabriefoverviewoftheresearchbackground,purpose, andsignificanceofthearticle;Thesecondchapterbrieflydefinesthecoreconceptsof post-projectevaluation,relocation,andpovalyalleviation,andlaysthetheoreticalfoundation fortheanalysisofthefollowingarticles.ChapterIII?ChapterIVandChapterVarethe quantitativeanalysispart.Throughtheanalysisoftheeffectsoftherelocationproject,the comprehensiveevaluationmodeloftherelocationoftherelocationoftherelocationofthe relocationoftherelocationoftherelocationoftherelocationofthereliefofthelandwas constructed-Thesixthchaptermainlypointsouttheresearchconc