I 摘要 随着我国老年人口规模的日益扩大，人口老龄化程度的加剧带来了一系列社会问题， 改善和提升养老服务水平已成为一项艰巨的任务。近年来，因我国经济保持稳步发展的 势头，居民生活水平得到进一步改善，仅仅提供传统的起居、饮食等养老服务已不能适 应现阶段养老新需求和养老新观念的变化。面对数量庞大的老年群体多样化的养老需求 和养老观念的不断改变，以及更多养老服务功能需求的出现，使得在我国当前养老建设 和服务体系中，养老机构的构建显得更加重要。虽然我国的高端养老机构建设呈现井喷 式的增长，但至今仍没有一个良好的盈利模式，还处在市场培育阶段，在传统思维下运 营的发展模式中，所以导致高端养老机构普遍存在盈利难、运营难的问题。这种情况下， 分析并寻找能够更好的解决高端养老机构运营中存在的问题成为必要，高端养老机构如 何更好的运营是本文研究的重点和方向。 遵循以上思路，本文开展了相应的研究和探讨。首先在对国内外相关理论研究成果 梳理的基础上，着重分析了高端养老机构在运营过程中，哪些影响因素对运营产生影响 较大。通过归类整理得出了六类共16个影响因素，并向养老机构运营相关专家、运营 管理者们进行了问卷调查，找出关键影响因素。最终，运用因子分析方法对问卷调研的 数据进行了分析，得出了8个关键影响因素，包括国家政策、医疗、护理、餐饮、合理 户型、综合责任险、能耗、销售定价等因素。文章同时结合案例的形式，选取北京地区 具有代表性的高端养老机构项目，依照上述得出的关键影响因素通过打分方法分析对比 各项目的运营现状，根据项目得分情况，充分验证了关键影响因素的确对高端养老机构 运营产生了较大影响，基本符合现实高端养老机构的运营情况。根据上述对高端养老机 构运营影响因素的分析，提出了针对高端养老机构的运营策略。 本文以高端养老机构运营过程中受到的影响因素为研究对象，并以此作为高端养老 机构运营策略研究的重要参考依据，提出了高端养老机构运营策略诸多建议，为高端养 老机构建设和运营提供参考意见，具有实践意义。 关键词：关键影响因素；高端养老机构；运营；策略 Abstract II Abstract With the increasing size of the elderly population in China, a series of social problems have been brought about by the aggravation of the aging of the population. It has become an arduous task to improve and enhance the level of pension services. In recent years, due to the steady development of China's economy, the living standards of residents have been further improved. Only providing traditional living, diet and other pension services can not adapt to the new needs and new concepts of pension at this stage. In the face of a large number of elderly groups' diversified pension needs and changing pension concepts, as well as the emergence of more pension service functional needs, making the construction of pension institutions more important in China's current pension construction and service system. Although the construction of our country's high-end pension institutions shows a blowout growth, there is still no good profit model, and it is still in the stage of market cultivation. In the development mode of operation under the traditional thinking, so the high-end pension institutions are generally difficult to make profits and operate. In this case, it is necessary to analyze and find a better solution to the problems existing in the operation of high-end pension institutions. How to better operate high-end pension institutions is the focus and direction of this paper. Following the above ideas, this paper carries out the corresponding research and discussion. First of all, on the basis of combing the relevant theoretical research results at home and abroad, it focuses on the analysis of which factors have a greater impact on the operation of high-end pension institutions in the operation process. Through sorting out six categories of 16 influencing factors, and to the operation of pension institutions related experts, operation managers conducted a questionnaire survey to find out the key influencing factors. Finally, factor analysis method is used to analyze the data of questionnaire survey, and eight key influencing factors are obtained, including national policy, medical treatment, nursing, catering, reasonable house type, comprehensive liability insurance, energy consumption, sales pricing and other factors. At the same time, combined with the form of cases, the paper selects the representative high-end pension institutions in Beijing, analyzes and compares the operation status of each project through the scoring method according to the key influencing factors obtained above, and fully verifies that the key influencing factors do have a great impact on the operation of high-end pension institutions, which is basically in line with the reality of high- end pension institutions Operating conditions of. Based on the above analysis of the factors affecting the operation of high-end pension institutions, the paper puts forward the operation strategy for high-end pension institutions. This paper takes the influencing factors in the operation process of high-end pension institutions as the research object, and as an important reference for the operation strategy research of high-end pension institutions, puts forward many suggestions on the operation strategy of high-end pension institutions, and provides reference opinions for the construction and operation of high-end pension institutions, which is of practical significance. Keywords: Key influencing factors,High-end pension institutions,Operation, Strategies. 目录 III 目 录 北京建筑大学硕士学位论文原创性声明 北京建筑大学硕士学位论文版权使用授权书 摘要 ............................................................................................................ I ABSTRACT ................................................................................................. II 目 录 ......................................................................................................... III 第1章 绪 论 ............................................................................................... 1 1.1论文的研究背景及意义 .......................................................................................... 1 1.1.1论文的研究背景 ............................................................................................... 1 1.1.2论文的研究意义 ............................................................................................... 1 1.2国内外研究现状 ...................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1国内研究现状 ................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2国外研究现状 ................................................................................................... 3 1.3论文研究的主要内容和创新点 .............................................................................. 4 1.3.1论文的研究内容 ............................................................................................... 4 1.3.2论文的创新点 ................................................................................................... 5 1.4论文的研究方法和技术路线 .................................................................................. 5 1.4.1论文的研究方法 ............................................................................................... 5 1.4.2论文的研究技术路线 ....................................................................................... 6 第2章 高端养老机构发展现状和相关概念及理论 ................................. 8 2.1基本概念界定 .......................................................................................................... 8 2.1.1机构养老 ........................................................................................................... 8 2.1.2养老机构 ........................................................................................................... 8 2.1.3高端养老机构 ................................................................................................... 8 2.2相关理论 .................................................................................................................. 9 2.2.1需求层次理论 ...........................................................................................