ii 中文摘要 习近平总书记在十九大报告中指出，要推动大数据与实体经济的深度融合。 在这个数据大爆炸的21世纪，大数据资源在企业中的应用不断增多。企业可利 用大数据进行运营监控、客户管理、战略分析等，大数据资源正逐渐成为企业发 展的战略资源。无论是对互联网企业还是传统企业而言，其内部数据资源和外部 数据资源都不仅能为使用者提供必要的信息，也能给企业带来巨大的价值。因此， 对企业大数据资源进行价值评估是非常必要的。目前，已有的大数据价值评估研 究大多将其类比为无形资产、信息产品等，采用成本法、收益法、讨价还价博弈 模型等方法进行研究。但企业大数据资源作为一种非标准化的新兴资源，具有无 实体形态、类型多样等典型特征，加之价值中不确定性和非量化指标过多，传统 价值评估理论难以对其价值进行准确衡量。因此，建立有效的价值分析与评估模 型，合理确定大数据资源的价值，已成为亟待解决的问题。 基于上述认知，本文以企业大数据资源为研究对象，以分析及评估大数据资 源价值为目的。首先，依托对国内外相关文献的阅读，对大数据、企业大数据资 源等相关概念进行梳理与界定，并对企业大数据资源特征、其价值体现及应用、 价值影响因素进行探讨。其次，对三种传统价值评估法进行比较分析，并论证利 用层次分析法（AHP）与模糊综合评价结合的评估方法的适用性。再次，基于企 业大数据资源价值评估的相关影响因素提取评估指标并通过专家德尔菲法的筛 选构建价值评估指标体系，并给出等级划分的评估标准及等级表示。基于该评估 指标体系结合AHP与模糊数学理论，构建AHP—模糊综合评价法的企业大数据 资源价值评估模型。然后，选取具体的企业大数据资源样本数据进行实证研究， 对其价值进行综合评估，且对样本评估结果及结果的应用进行分析与阐述。并给 出提升企业大数据资源价值的相应对策建议。最后，对本文研究作总结，指出研 究的不足并对未来研究作出展望。 关键词：企业大数据资源；价值评估；层次分析；模糊综合评价； 实证分析 ABSTRACT iii ABSTRACT GeneralSecretaryXiJinpingpointedoutinthereportofthe19thCPCNational Congressthatitisnecessarytopromotethedeepintegrationofbigdataandthereal economy.Inthe21stcenturyofthisbigdataexplosion,theapplicationofbigdata resourcesinenterprisesisincreasing.Enterprisescanusebigdataforoperational monitoring,customermanagement,strategicanalysis,etc.Bigdataresourcesaregrad- uallybecomingthestrategicresourceforenterprisedevelopment.Whetheritisfor Internetcompaniesortraditionalenterprises,itsinternaldataresourcesandexternal dataresourcescannotonlyprovideuserswiththenecessaryinformation,butalso bringgreatvaluetotheenterprise.Therefore,itisnecessarytoevaluatethevalueof enterprisebigdataresources.Atpresent,mostoftheexistingbigdatavalueevaluation studiescompareittointangibleassets,informationproductsandsoon,andadoptthe costmethod,incomemethod,bargaininggamemodelandothermethodstocarryon theresearch.However,asanon-standardizedemergingresource,enterprisebigdata resourceshavetypicalcharacteristicssuchasnophysicalformandvarioustypesand soon.Inaddition,therearetoomanyuncertaintiesandnon-quantitativeindicatorsin value,anditisdifficultfortraditionalvalueevaluationtheorytoaccuratelymeasure itsvalue.Therefore,establishinganeffectivevalueanalysisandevaluationmodeland reasonablydeterminingthevalueofbigdataresourceshasbecomeanurgentproblem tobesolved. Basedontheabovecognition,thispapertakesenterprisebigdataresourcesas theresearchobject,andaimsatanalyzingandevaluatingthevalueofbigdataresour- ces.Firstly,basedonthereadingofrelevantliteraturesathomeandabroad,thispaper combsanddefinestherelatedconceptsofbigdataandenterprisebigdataresources, anddiscussesthecharacteristicsofenterprisebigdataresources,itsvalueembodime- ntandapplication,andvalueinfluencingfactors.Secondly,itcomparesandanalyzes thethreetraditionalvalueevaluationmethods,anddemonstratestheapplicabilityof theevaluationmethodcombiningAHPandfuzzycomprehensiveevaluation.Thirdly, thispaperextractsevaluationindexesbasedontheenterprisebigdataresourcevalue evaluationrelatedfactorsandestablishesthevalueevaluationindexsystemthrough theselectionofexpertDelphimethod,andgivestheevaluationstandardandgrade representationofgradedivision.Basingontheevaluationindexsystemcombineswith AHPandfuzzymathematicstheory,thispaperconstructsAHP-fuzzycomprehensive evaluationoftheenterprisebigdataresourcevalueevaluationmodel.Then,thispaper selectsthespecificenterprisebigdataresourcesampledataforempiricalresearch, ABSTRACT iv comprehensivelyevaluatesitsvalue,andanalyzesandexpoundstheapplicationof sampleevaluationresultsandresults.Andthispaperputsforwardcorresponding countermeasuresandsuggestionstoimprovethevalueofenterprisebigdata resources.Finally,thepapersummarizestheresearchandpointsoutthelackofthe researchinthispaperandforecaststhefutureresearch. KeyWords：EnterprisebigdataResources,ValueEvaluation, Analytichierarchyprocess,FuzzyComprehensiveEvaluation, EmpiricalAnalysis 目录 v 目录 独创性声明....................................................................................................................i 关于论文使用授权的说明............................................................................................i 中文摘要................................................................................................................ii ABSTRACT................................................................................................................iii 1绪论............................................................................................................................1 1.1研究背景及意义................................................................................................1 1.1.1研究背景..................................................................................................1 1.1.2研究意义..................................................................................................2 1.2国内外文献综述................................................................................................3 1.2.1国外文献综述..........................................................................................3 1.2.2国内文献综述..........................................................................................4 1.2.3简要总结及评价......................................................................................7 1.3研究思路、方法及内容....................................................................................7 1.3.1研究思路..................................................................................................7 1.3.2研究方法..................................................................................................9 1.3.3研究内容..................................................................................................9 1.4创新点..............................................................................................................10 2企业大数据资源及价值分析..................................................................................11 2.1企业大数据资源界定及特征..........................................................................11 2.1.1大数据概述............................................................................................11 2.1.2企业大数据资源界定............................................................................11 2.1.3企业大数据资源特征............................................................................12 2.2企业大数据资源的价值体现及应用..............................................................13 2.2.1企业大数据资源的价值体现................................................................13 2.2.2企业大数据资源的应用........................................................................14 2.3企业大数据资源价值影响因素......................................................................15 2.3.1数据容量................................................................................................15 2.3.2数据成本................................................................................................15 2.3.3数据质量................................................................................................16 2.3.4数据应用................................................................................................16 2.3.5数据维护.................................................