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电网建设投资在我国固定资产投资份额中有重要的占比,具有资本密集型的 特点,且由于前期开发资金投入较大,并受国内供给侧结构性改革、宏观经济增 速放缓等众多因素影响,现金流入增速放缓,导致资金回收周期较长,一般需要 8至10年甚至更长,这进而造成了许多电网企业负债率高、再融资难度大等现 实困难。为了解决这种困难,许多电网企业不再局限于银行借款、企业借贷等传 统的融资方式,而逐渐开始探索新型融资方式。其中,融资租赁作为金融和金融 资产的组合,相比其他传统融资方式能更好的满足电网企业的融资需求。融资租 赁也逐渐成为许多电网企业在融资建设时的一种备选方案。 本文围绕电网企业融资租赁应用问题,从新一轮输配电价改革的背景及目标 入手,分析目前电网企业营业收入显著下降、现金流入增速放缓等经营特点。结 合我国融资租赁发展现状和我国电网企业经营投资特性,认为融资租赁这一新型 融资方式在我国电网企业投资领域有着巨大的发展潜力。并对融资租赁在我国电 网企业投资方面的应用进行了理论方面的设想与论证。本文以国网台州市供电公 司对全市所有变电站老旧设备进行集中改造为融资租赁案例进行分析,从项目基 本情况、承租方基本需求以及项目融资租赁基本条件分析了该建设项目的初步可 行性意见。同时,还以浙江省电力公司组织机构为例,为其设计了融资租赁业务 管理流程,从融资租赁具体操作流程、适应电网企业的租赁业务模式阐述电网企 业建设投资相适应的融资租赁业务方式以及一系列规范的应用流程,来指导整个 项目的实施,对其他电网企业开展融资租赁项目有一定借鉴意义。 同时,本文还从融资租赁项目风险评价的角度出发,构建了风险评价机制, 将项目风险进行量化评价,为融资租赁项目有效开展风险管控提供了量化评价依 据。此外,本文还以电网企业融资租赁项目不同风险阶段和风险角度出发,讨论 了电网企业在整个过程中采取的不同的风险管理对策以及具体防风险措施。通过 建立灵活多变的企业投资、建设、管理机制,来保证项目融资的内部畅通从应 用流程、企业管理、风险监管三个方面入手,能够帮助电网企业在建设项目中规 范、系统地应用融资租赁,并有效控制风险,值得推广应用。 关键词:融资租赁,投资建设,业务设计,风险管控 1 :华北电力大学硕士学位论文 Abstract PowergridconstructioninvestmenthasanimportantshareofChina'sfixedasset investmentshare,whichischaracterizedbycapital-intensivecharacteristics,anddue tothelargeinvestmentinearlydevelopmentfunds,andduetomanyfactorssuchas domesticsupply-sidestructuralreformsandmacroeconomicgrowthslowdownAsa result,thegrowthrateofcashinflowshassloweddown,resultinginalongercapital recoverycycle,whichgenerallytakes8to10yearsorevenlonger.Thisinturnhas causedmanygridcompaniestohavepracticaldifficultiessuchashighdebtratiosand difficultyinrefinancing.Inordertosolvethisdifficulty,manypowergridcompanies arenolongerlimitedtotraditionalfinancingmethodssuchasbankloansandcorporate loans,butgraduallybegantoexplorenewfinancingmethodsbasedontheirownstrong capitalbaseandbroadmarketprospects.Amongthem,financialleasing,asa combinationoffinancialandfinancialassets,hasthecharacteristicsofflexible financingmethods,longfinancingperiod,flexiblerepaymentmethods,andless pressureontherepaymentfundsofthelessee,whichismorethanothertraditional financingmethods.Goodtomeetthefinancingneedsofpowergridcompanies. Financialleasinghasgraduallybecomeanoptionformanypowergridcompaniesin financingconstruction. Thispaperfocusesontheapplicationoffinancingleasesforpowergrid companies,startingwiththebackgroundandobjectivesofanewroundofpower transmissionanddistributionpricereform,andanalyzingthecurrentoperating characteristicsofpowergridcompanies,suchasasignificantdeclineinoperating incomeandaslowdownincashinflowgrowth.Basedonthedevelopmentstatusof mycountry'sfinancialleasingandthecharacteristicsofmycountry^powergrid enterprises1operationandinvestment,itisbelievedthatthenewfinancingmethodof financialleasinghashugedevelopmentpotentialinthefieldofinvestmentinmy country'spowergridenterprises.Italsotheoreticallyconceivesanddemonstratesthe applicationoffinancialleasingintheinvestmentofmycountry’spowergrid enterprises.Thisarticleanalyzesthecaseofacentralizedleasingofalloldsubstation equipmentinthecitybytheStateGridTaizhouPowerSupplyCompanyasafinancial leasingcase,andanalyzesthepreliminaryfeasibilityoftheconstructionprojectfrom thebasicsituationoftheproject,thebasicneedsofthelesseeandthebasicconditions oftheprojectfinancialleasing.Atthesametime,theorganizationofZhejiangElectric PowerCompanywastakenasanexampletodesignafinancialleasingbusiness managementprocessforit.Thespecificfinancialleasingoperationprocessandthe II :华北电力大学硕士学位论文 leasingbusinessmodeladaptedtothepowergridcompanywereexpoundedtoexplain thefinancingleasingbusinessmethodsuitablefortheconstructioninvestmentofthe powergridcompanyandAseriesofstandardizedapplicationprocessestoguidethe implementationoftheentireprojecthascertainreferencesignificanceforotherpower gridcompaniestocarryoutfinancialleasingprojects. Atthesametime,thisarticlealsobuildsariskevaluationmechanismfromthe perspectiveofriskevaluationoffinancialleasingprojects,quantifiestheprojectrisk, andprovidesaquantitativeevaluationbasisfortheeffectiveriskmanagementand controloffinancialleasingprojects.Inaddition,thispaperalsodiscussesthedifferent riskmanagementcountermeasuresandspecifi