采购管理的起源是古时代以物易物的产物。物品交换之初是满足所需，但是随着私 有制的产生、需求多样化的产生，为了解决物品囤积问题、提升物品交换率，库存管理 和采购管理随之出现，目的是为了获得利益最大化，满足基本物质需求和精神追求。采 购管理在货币时代被大众所重视，是物品生产、物品销售的前提。现代采购管理是信息 技术下的产物，以信息通讯，系统管理缩减人工带来的成本消耗。在国内市场经济以及 全球一体化的迅猛发展下，企业要在市场获得份额并保持较高利润率，更为消费者提供 更好的产品价格,帮助消费者节省成本使人们的生活更加美好。合理的采购管理不仅对产 品的价格、质量有着重要的影响，而且不断促进企业资源优化配置, 及时获取市场信息、 了解市场变化趋势。WLT公司作为大型生产型汽车制造企业，采购管理在整个运营管理 甚至战略管理层面起到积极的指导和推动作用。 本文本着发现问题、分析问题、解决问题的总体思路，采用文献研究法、统计分析 法、案例分析法等分析方式，对WLT公司采购管理现状借助波特五力模型进行分析，挖 掘其在行业竞争中的优势和劣势，发现在采购管理中所存在采购模式单一刻板、采购流 程不够规范、库存控制问题、供应商管理等问题，究其原因，探讨解决这些问题的优化 措施。 论文研究成果包括：第一，综述了采购管理及其相关理论内容，解读国内外对采购 管理的研究现状，阐述采购管理、五力模型相关理论，这为WLT公司采购管理提供理论 基础；第二，分析了WLT公司采购管理现状并提出问题，从WLT公司采购管理现状入 手，挖掘其采购管理所存在的相关问题，有采购模式单一刻板、采购流程不够规范、库 存控制、供应商管理等问题，并解读问题的潜在原因；第三，提出了WLT公司采购管理 优化策略，从WLT公司采购管理的实际出发，挖掘出采购模式优化、合理规范采购流程、 强化成本控制和库存优化、加大供应商精益管理和评价改进、改善供应链管理信息系统 等优化策略；第四，分析了WLT公司采购管理优化策略实施效果，通过优化措施，加速 公司采购战略、企业战略落地，采购效率提升、周期缩短，采购成本降低、库存周转率 提升，供应商质量提升等等。 关键词：采购管理 WLT公司 优化策略 实施效果 II Abstract The origin of purchasing management is the product of barter in ancient times. At the beginning of the exchange of goods is to meet the needs, but with the emergence of private ownership and the diversification of demand, in order to solve the problem of goods hoarding and improve the exchange rate of goods, inventory management and procurement management appear, in order to maximize the benefits and meet the basic material needs and spiritual pursuit. Purchasing management is valued by the public in the currency age, which is the premise of goods production and sales. Modern purchasing management is a product of information technology. With information communication and system management, the cost of labor is reduced. With the rapid development of domestic market economy and global integration, enterprises should gain market share and maintain a higher profit margin, provide better product prices for consumers, help consumers save costs and make people's lives better. Reasonable purchasing management not only has an important impact on the price and quality of products, but also constantly promotes the optimal allocation of enterprise resources, timely access to market information and understand market trends. WLT company as a large-scale manufacturing enterprise, purchasing management plays an active role in the whole operation management and even strategic management. This text is the general idea of finding, analyzing and solving problems, using the methods of literature research, qualitative and quantitative combination, case analysis, etc. to analyze the current situation of WLT company's procurement management with the help of Porter's five forces model, mining its advantages and disadvantages in the industry competition, and finding that there is a single procurement mode and insufficient procurement process in the procurement management Standardization, inventory control, supplier management and other issues, the reasons, to explore the optimization measures to solve these problems. The research results of this paper include: firstly, it summarizes the purchasing management and its related theoretical contents, interprets the research status of purchasing management at home and abroad, expounds the related theories of purchasing management and five force model, which provides the theoretical basis for the purchasing management of III WLT company; secondly, it analyzes the current situation of purchasing management of WLT company and puts forward the problems, starts with the current situation of purchasing management of WLT company, excavates its purchasing management There are some problems, such as single procurement mode, nonstandard procurement process, inventory control, supplier management and so on, and the potential causes are explained. Thirdly, the optimization strategy of procurement management in WLT company is put forward. Based on the reality of procurement management in WLT company, the optimization of procurement mode, reasonable procurement process, cost control and inventory optimization are explored Fourth, it analyzes the implementation effect of WLT company's procurement management optimization strategy. Through optimization measures, it accelerates the implementation of the company's procurement strategy and enterprise strategy, improves the procurement efficiency, shortens the cycle, reduces the procurement cost, improves the inventory turnover rate, and improves the quality of suppliers. Keywords: Purchasing management, WLT company, Optimization strategy, Implementation effect IV 目 录 摘要 ........................................................................................................................................... I Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... II 第1章 绪 论 ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1研究背景 ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.2研究意义 ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.2.1理论意义 ............................................................................................................. 2 1.2.2实践意义 ............................................................................................................. 2 1.3国内外研究现状 ........................................................................................................... 3 1.3.1国外研究现状 ..................................................................................................... 3 1.3.2国内研究现状 ..................................................................................................... 5 1.4研究内容思路与创新点 ............................................................................................... 7 1.4.1研究内容思路 ..................................................................................................... 7 1.4.2研究创新点 ......................................................................................................... 9 1.5研究方法 ....................................................................................................................... 9 第2章 相关概念与理论内容 ................................................................................................ 10 2.1采购管理及其特点 ..................................................................................................... 10 2.1.1采购管理 ........................................................................................................... 10 2.1.2采购管理的特点 ............................................................................................... 11 2.2采购管理主要内容 ..................................................................................................... 11 2.2.1采购模式 ........................................................................................................... 11 2.2.2采购流程 .