制造业企业当前所面临的主要困境是怎样实现智能、绿色、服务和生命周期的延续。 为全面实现这一转型，关键在于提升制造业企业的技术创新能力。尽管工业互联网与开 放式创新理论给制造业企业实现转型提供了想法与思路，然而其中的关系还需要深入探 究。全球经济形势风云变幻，我国推行“双创”，打造“中国制造2025”的经济战略， 我国制造业企业开放式创新绩效的提升对工业互联网的依赖是有目共睹的。因此，要实 现“中国制造2025”计划中从“中国制造”到“智能制造”的发展，就需要对制造业企 业开放式创新绩效受到工业互联网的影响等进行探究。 本文选择2011-2017年部分一线城市制造业企业上市公司（A股）进行研究，分析 工业互联网、开放式创新与制造业企业创新绩效之间的关系。对研究三者关系的文献进 行探讨述评，构建工业互联网与开放式创新对制造业企业创新绩效影响的概念模型，运 用描述性统计、相关分析、回归分析等研究方法，分析了工业互联网与开放式创新对创 新绩效的影响因素。研究得出以下结论：（1）工业互联网对创新绩效具有显著积极影 响。在其作用之下，制造业企业的创新绩效会受到技术人员数量和研发资金投入的显著 影响，而传统的公司管理模式对创新绩效的影响逐渐削弱，但是，企业文化与创新绩效 关系受工业互联网的影响较小；（2）开放式创新和工业互联网互相协同推动创新绩效 的发展；（3）创新绩效也会受到开放式创新深度与广度的显著积极影响；（4）企业规 模和企业年龄对制造业企业创新绩效起到了中介作用，而资产负债率中介效应不显著。 上述结论在考虑稳健性、内生性后依然成立。本文还发现工业互联网对资金密集型 和技术密集型制造业企业创新影响显著。因此，在“互联网＋”的时代背景下，制造业 企业想要全面实施开放式创新战略，就需要广泛应用大数据云计算、云计算等工业互联 网工具，同时建立并优化与之相匹配的管理制度与企业文化，从而为我国制造业企业迈 向创新型企业提供一定的理论依据与实践基础。 关键词：制造业企业；工业互联网；开放式创新；创新绩效 Abstract The main dilemma currently faced by manufacturing companies is how to realize the continuation of intelligence, green, service and life cycle. To fully realize this transformation, the key lies in enhancing the technological innovation capabilities of manufacturing enterprises. Although the Industrial Internet and open innovation theory provide ideas and thoughts for manufacturing companies to achieve transformation, the relationship between them needs to be further explored. The global economic situation is changing, and China is pursuing "double innovation" and creating an "Made in China 2025" economic strategy. The improvement of China's manufacturing enterprises' open innovation performance depends on the industrial Internet for all to see. Therefore, to realize the development from "Made in China" to "Intelligent Manufacturing" in the "Made in China 2025" plan, it is necessary to explore the impact of the industrial Internet on the performance of open innovation in manufacturing companies. This paper selects some listed companies (A shares) in first-tier city manufacturing companies from 2011 to 2017 to study and analyze the relationship between industrial Internet, open innovation and manufacturing companies' innovation performance. Discuss and comment on the literature that studies the relationship between the three, construct a conceptual model of the impact of the Industrial Internet on the performance of open innovation in manufacturing companies, and use descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, regression analysis and other research methods to analyze the relationship between the Industrial Internet and open innovation. Influencing factors of innovation performance. The study draws the following conclusions: (1) Industrial Internet has a significant positive impact on innovation performance. Under its role, the innovation performance of manufacturing companies will be significantly affected by the number of technical personnel and investment in R & D funds, while the impact of traditional company management models on innovation performance is gradually weakened. However, the relationship between corporate culture and innovation performance is influenced by the Industrial Internet The impact of (2) Open innovation and the Industrial Internet cooperate to promote the development of innovation performance; (3) Innovation performance will also be significantly and positively affected by the depth and breadth of open innovation; (4) The size and age of the company The innovation performance of manufacturing enterprises plays an intermediary role, while the intermediary effect of asset-liability ratio is not significant. The above conclusion is still valid after considering the robustness and endogenousness. The article also found that the Industrial Internet has a significant impact on innovation in capital-intensive and technology-intensive manufacturing companies. Therefore, in the context of the "Internet +" era, manufacturing companies want to fully implement an open innovation strategy, they need to widely apply big data cloud computing, cloud computing and other industrial Internet tools, while establishing and optimizing the matching management The system and corporate culture provide a certain theoretical basis and practical basis for China's manufacturing enterprises to become innovative enterprises. Key words: Manufacturing Enterprises; Industrial internet; Open innovation; Innovation performance 目 录 第1章 绪论 .. 1 1.1 研究背景、目的及意义 1 1.1.1 研究背景 ............. 1 1.1.2 研究目的 ............. 2 1.1.3 研究意义 ............. 3 1.2 国内外研究现状评述 .... 4 1.2.1 国外研究现状 ..... 4 1.2.2 国内研究现状 ..... 8 1.2.3 研究现状评述 ... 12 1.3 研究内容与研究方法 .. 13 1.3.1 研究内容 ........... 13 1.3.2 研究方法 ........... 14 1.3.3 技术路线 ........... 16 1.4 创新之处 ...................... 17 第2章 工业互联网与开放式创新的理论基础 ...... 18 2.1 工业互联网 .................. 18 2.1.1工业互联网的界定 ........................... 18 2.1.2 工业互联网与消费互联网的不同的特点 ..................... 18 2.1.3工业互联网的应用 ........................... 19 2.2 开放式创新 .................. 21 2.2.1 开放式创新的概念 .......................... 21 2.2.2 开放式创新的分类 .......................... 22 2.3 开放式创新绩效 .......... 23 2.4 基于工业互联网的开放式创新 ................. 24 2.5 工业互联网与开放式创新对制造业企业创新绩效的关系与研究 ....................... 25 2.6 本章小结 ...................... 26 第3章 工业互联网与开放式创新对制造业企业创新绩效影响研究假设与概念模型 .... 27 3.1 理论研究与假设 .......... 27 3.1.1 理论研究 ........... 27 3.1.2 工业互联网与创新绩效 .................. 28 3.1.3 工业互联网与开放式创新 .............. 31 3.1.4 开放式创新与创新绩效 .................. 32 3.2 概念模型 ...................... 34 3.3 指标衡量 ...................... 35 3.3.1 自变量：工业互联网与开放式创新 ............................. 35 3.3.2 因变量：制造业企业创新绩效 ...... 37 3.3.3 控制变量 ........... 38 3.4 本章小结 ...................... 38 第4章 工业互联网与开放式创新对制造业企业创新绩效影响的实证分析 .................... 40 4.1 研究样本 ...................... 40 4.1.1 样本选取 ........... 40 4.1.2 数据收集 ........... 40 4.2 描述性统计 .................. 41 4.3 研究假设检验 .............. 42 4.3.1 相关分析 ........... 42 4.3.2 回归分析 ........... 42 4.4 概念模型检验 .............. 44 4.4.1 工业互联网模型检验 ...................... 44 4.4.2 开放式创新模型检验 ...................... 47 4.5 实证结果与分析 .......... 49 4.5.1实证结果 ............ 49 4.5.2 不同密集度制造业企业差异分析 .. 50 4.5.3 稳健性检验 ....... 51 4.5.4 稳健性分析 ....... 53 4.6 本章小结 ...................... 54 第5章 提升制造业企业创新绩效的对策建议 ...... 55 5.1 完善制造业企业工业互联网平台 ............. 55 5.1.1 加强制造业企业对工业互联网的重视 ......................... 55 5.1.2 构建完善的工业互联网系统 .......... 56 5.1.3 充分利用工业互联网基本特征 ...... 56 5.2 提升制造业企业工业互联网能力 ............. 57 5.2.1 重视工业互联网能力的培育 .......... 57 5.2.2 设立工业互联网管理部门 .............. 58 5.3 全面提升制造业企业组织学习能力 ......... 58 5.3.1 构建良好的组织学习机制 .............. 58 5.3.2 加强知识的转化效率 ......................