贫困地区经济发展水平低，但由于资源开发不足、生态环境尚未遭到严重破 坏，具有较大的发展潜力，在新一轮经济增长中可能会实现快速发展。由此，探 索农村集体经济发展的有效实现形式，促进农村经济的发展成为贫困地区的必然 选择。十九大报告提出发展壮大集体经济，发展多种形式的适度规模经营，培育 新型农业经营主体。村集体扶持资金不断攀升，集体经济发展的重要性日益凸显。 因此，对农村集体经济发展状况进行研究，尤其是对贫困地区农村集体经济发展 研究，明确贫困地区农村集体经济发展的优势和劣势，找出发展中存在的基本问 题和主要矛盾，摸索农村集体经济发展的总体规划和战略思考，有利于促进我国 农村集体经济的发展。通过查阅国内外文献资料，对广宗县农村集体经济发展状 况进行案例分析，并结合调查问卷及相关财务数据找出贫困地区农村集体经济发 展中存在的问题，针对问题提出有效的措施，由此本文的主要研究工作如下， （1）农村集体经济概述。文章阐述了农村集体经济的相关概念、理论和特征， 分析了农村集体经济的主要发展方式。 （2）贫困地区农村集体经济发展存在的问题。对贫困地区进行了概述，分析 了贫困地区农村集体经济发展存在的问题，对国家级贫困县-广宗县进行了实证研 究，分析了广宗县在农村集体经济发展中存在的集体经营信心不足、农村集体经 济缺乏造血功能、人力资本短缺和组织形式和管理制度发育不健全等问题及成因。 （3）提出进一步发展壮大农村集体经济发展的对策建议。从选择集体经济增 收方式，走以地生财之路，盘活集体资产，夯实农村集体经济发展基础，优化农 村集体发展环境等四个方面提出了发展农村集体经济的对策建议。 关键词，贫困地区；广宗县；农村集体经济Abstract The level of economic development in poverty-stricken areas is low, but due to the insufficient exploitation of resources and the fact that the ecological environment has not been seriously damaged, the poverty-stricken areas have great potential for development and may achieve rapid development in the new round of economic growth. Therefore, exploring effective forms of rural collective economic development and promoting rural economic development become the inevitable choice of poor areas. The report of the Nineteenth National Congress proposed to develop and strengthen the collective economy, develop various forms of moderate scale operation, and cultivate new agricultural management subjects. With the increase of village collective support funds, the importance of collective economic development has become increasingly prominent. So to carry out the research on the development of rural collective economy, especially on the development of rural collective economy in poverty-stricken areas, to clarify its advantages and disadvantages, to find out the fundamental problems and major contradictions in the development, and on this basis to explore the overall thinking and strategic thinking of accelerating the development of rural collective economy. It has far-reaching significance to the development of rural collective economy in China. Through consulting domestic and foreign literature, this paper makes a case study on the development of rural collective economy in Guangzong County, and finds out the problems existing in the development of rural collective economy in poverty-stricken areas with questionnaires and relevant financial data, and puts forward effective measures to solve the problems. The main research work of this paper is as follows: For the study of rural collective economy in poor areas, the main research work of this paper is as follows: (1)Summary of rural collective economy. This paper combs the relevant concepts and characteristics of rural collective economy, the main forms of rural collective economy, and expounds the theory of rural collective economic development. (2)Problems existing in the development of rural collective economy in poor areas.This paper summarizes the poverty-stricken areas, analyzes the problems existing in the development of rural collective economy in poverty-stricken areas, conducts an empirical study on the state-level poverty-stricken Guangzong County. Analyses the problems and causes of Guangzong County in the development of rural collective economy, such as the lack of confidence in collective management, the lack of hematopoietic function of rural collective economy, the shortage of human capital and the imperfect development of organizational form and management system. (3)The countermeasures and suggestions for further developing and expanding the rural collective economy are put forward.This paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the development of rural collective economy from four aspects: choosing the way of increasing income of collective economy, taking the road of making money from the land, revitalizing collective assets, consolidating the foundation of rural collective economic development, and optimizing the environment of rural collective development. Keywords:Poor areas，Guangzong County，Rural collective economyI 目 录 第一章 绪 论......................................................................................................... 1 一、研究的目的和意义......................................................................................... 1 (一)研究的目的 .................................................................................................. 1 (二)研究的意义 .................................................................................................. 1 二、国内外研究现状............................................................................................. 2 (一)国内研究动态及发展趋势 .......................................................................... 2 (二)国外研究动态 .............................................................................................. 3 三、研究内容和方法............................................................................................. 4 (一)本文的研究内容 .......................................................................................... 4 (二)本文采用的研究方法 .................................................................................. 4 第二章 农村集体经济概述..................................................................................... 6 一、我国农村集体经济内涵的演化..................................................................... 6 (一)改革开放前我国农村集体经济内涵 .......................................................... 6 (二)改革开放后我国农村集体经济的内涵 ...................................................... 7 (三)新时代我国农村集体经济新内涵 .............................................................. 8 (四)农村集体经济的内涵确定 .......................................................................... 9 二、农村集体经济研究的基本理论..................................................................... 9 (一)委托代理理论 .............................................................................................. 9 (二)马克思主义农村集体经济发展理论 ........................................................ 10 三、农村集体经济发展的主要实现形式............................................................11 (一)家庭联产承包经营 .....................................................................................11 (二)合作经济 .....................................................................................................11 (三)股份合作经济 ............................................................................................ 12 四、农村集体经济的特点................................................................................... 13 (一)实现形式多样化 ........................................................................................ 13 (二)发展水平低 ................................................................................................ 14II (三)发展的不平衡性 ........................................................................................ 14 (四)发展缺乏稳定性和持续性 ........................................................................ 15 第三章 贫困地区农村集体经济发展存在的问题............................................... 16 一、贫困地区概述................................................................................