现代汽车控制技术和高速公路的飞速发展，在世界各国特别是发达国家无论 是运输业还是个人，汽车都已成为长距离运输的主要交通工具。变速传动技术是 汽车的核心技术之一，随着工业的发展汽车对自动变速器的要求也越来越高。传 统机械手动变速器操作系统复杂、驾驶和乘坐舒适性差, 随着驾驶技术的提高其 缺点日益突出。到目前为止，出现了四种不同的汽车自动变速器，电控机械式自 动变速器(AMT)、连续可变传动比自动变速器(CVT)和电控液力机械自动变速 器(AT)以及双离合器电控机械式自动变速器(DCT),其中它们都有各自的优缺 点。对比各种自动变速器的优缺点，本文从创新性、探索性的角度出发将电磁离 合器应用于自动变速技术中进行研究。 本文首先介绍了电执行器变速器的机械模型、控制系统、电执行器特性，在 普通变速箱体内安装了一系列的电磁离合器，通过励磁电流来控制电磁离合器的 分离和接合从而实现变速传动。接着介绍了车辆的换挡类型、换挡规律、换挡特 性；从动力性方面考虑，构建了发动机模型、变速器模型、车辆模型、换挡规律 模型等，由以上模型组合成车辆的变速传动系统模型。最后在 SIMULINK 环境 中对发动机转速、车辆速度、挡位变换及电磁离合器在接合过程中的转速、转矩 及接合时间做了仿真分析，通过与车辆的实际行驶状况相对比，得出电执行器变 速器在动力传动技术上的可行性。 本次是电控电执行器变速器研究的起步阶段，本文着重从动力性角度论证了 电执行器变速器传动的可行性，希望能给自动变速技术的发展提供一个新的研究 方向。 关 键 词，电执行器变速器，电磁离合器，变速系统模型，传动可行性 报告类型，应用研究II Subject: Electrically Controlled Electricity Actuator Automatic Transmission Electricity Functional Element Feasibility Study Specialty: Vehicles engineering Name: Cao Dong-dong Supervisor: Xu Rui-liang ABSTRACT Modern Motor control technology and highway by very rapid development, In the world especially developed countries, whether transport or personal, automobile have become the major mode of transport for long-distance transport. Variable-speed transmission technology is one of core technology of the motor vehicles, with the industrial development the automatic transmission vehicle requirements have become more sophisticated. Traditional manual transmission operating complex machinery, poor driving and ride comfort, with the improvement of driving skills its shortcomings is becoming more prominent. So far, there have been four different vehicle automatic transmission.Automated mechanical transmission(AMT), continuously variable transmission ratio automatic transmission(CVT) and electronically controlled hydraulic mechanical automatic transmission(AT), as well as electronically controlled dual-clutch automated mechanical transmission (DCT), Which they have their own advantages and disadvantages. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of a variety of automatic transmission, this article apply the electromagnetic clutch to automatic transmission technology for research by the view of the innovative, exploratory point. This article the first introduced electric actuator of the mechanical model of transmission, control systems, electric actuator characteristics. Installing of a series of electromagnetic clutch in the transmission body , through the excitation current to control the electromagnetic clutch of the separation and bonding in order to achieve variable-speed transmission. Then presented the vehicle shift type, shift schedule, shift characteristics; From dynamic considerations, to build the engine model, transmission model, vehicle model, model shift schedule, from the above model into the vehicles variable-speed drive system model. Finally, in the SIMULINK environment to engine speed, vehicle speed, gear change and the electromagnetic clutch in the engagement in the process of speed, torque and joint of time to do the simulation analysis, With the actual traffic situation of the vehicle relative ratio comeIII to actuators gearbox in the technical feasibility of power transmission. The electric control electric actuator transmission of the initial stage of research, this paper argues from the perspective of dynamic to demonstrate electric actuators drive the feasibility of transmission, hope that they will be the development of automatic transmission technology with a new research direction. KEY WORDS: Electroncally controlled automatic transmission, Electronmagnetic clutch, Transmission system model , Feasibility of transmission Dissertation Type: Applied researchIV 符号表 物 理 量 代 号 单 位 时间 t s 力 F N 力矩 M Nm 速比 i 角速度 ω rad/s 转动惯量 J kgm 2 转速 n r/min 功率 P W 速度 u ms -1 冲击度 j m/s 3V 目 录 第 1 章 绪论................................................. 1 1.1 车辆变速器现状......................................................................................................1 1.1.1 普通机械变速器 ..............................................................................................1 1.1.2 电控自动变速器 ..............................................................................................1 1.1.3 电控自动变速器的控制形式...........................................................................2 1.1.4 电控自动变速器动态特性研究.......................................................................2 1.2 国内外研究成果......................................................................................................3 1.3 电控自动变速器发展的趋势 ..................................................................................4 1.4 课题研究的背景、意义..........................................................................................5 1.5 本文主要研究内容..................................................................................................6 第 2 章 电执行器自动变速器................................... 7 2.1 电执行器变速器机械模型......................................................................................7 2.1.1 变速器结构 ......................................................................................................7 2.1.2 变速器工作过程 ..............................................................................................9 2.2 变速器控制系统硬件............................................................................................10 2.2.1 控制框图设计 ................................................................................................ 11 2.2.2 MCU 的选择 ................................................................................................... 11 2.2.3 信号传感器的选择.........................................................................................12 2.2.4 系统硬件电路设计.........................................................................................12 2.3 变速器控制系统软件............................................................................................15 2.3.1 变速器主程序 ................................................................................................15 2.3.2 变速器换挡程序 ............................................................................................16 2.4 系统抗干扰设计....................................................................................................16 2.4.1 硬件抗干扰设计 ............................................................................................17 2.4.2 软件抗干扰设计 ............................................................................................17 2.5 电执行器特性........................................................................................................17 2.5.1 力矩特性 ........................................................................................................18 2.5.2 时间响应 ........................................................................................................20 2.6 本章小结................................................................................................................21 第 3 章 变速器变速系统的建模................................ 22VI 3.1 车辆换挡规律........................................................................................................22 3.1.1 换挡类型 ......................................................................