工商银行长春分行公司信贷业务风险管理优化研究 在我国社会主义市场经济不断发展的大背景下，商业银行在不断创新发展的 进程中，蕴藏了诸多风险。而公司信贷业务，一直承担着商业银行资产端基石与 核心的角色，更是银行众多业务中的风险高发领域，近年来，我国商业银行不良 贷款的比重居高不下，信贷资产质量呈持续恶化的趋势，因此，有效把控风险， 提升信贷资产质量已成为商业银行亟待解决的问题。而作为全国重点城市行之一 的中国工商银行长春分行，自 2018 年以来，资产质量呈持续下行的趋势，终止 了连续 10 年不良贷款额和不良贷款率双降的良好局面，原来的经营亮点变成了 经营短板。 在当前复杂多变经济形势下，信贷人员必须继续坚持安全性、流动性和效益 型原则，并将安全性居于首要位置。要牢固树立风险管理理念，坚守信贷风险管 理底线，将合规经营、稳健发展的理念和要求落实到业务发展和经营管理的每个 环节和全流程之中。 第一部分为绪论，介绍了三方面内容，一是研究背景与意义，主要概括了 近年来我国内外部环境的变化给商业银行公司信贷业务风险管控带来的巨大挑 战，并说明了在现有金融背景下研究工商银行公司信贷业务风险管理的意义； 二是研究方法与内容，此篇论文将战略与运营管理作为理论基础，运用文献分 析法、实证研究分析法，分析工商银行长春分行经营发展存在的问题及成因， 为工商银行长春分行风险管理的全面提升给予了实践与理论的支撑，对工商银 行长春分行的公司信贷业务风险管控提供分析和决策建议；三是理论基础和文 献综述，主要有贷款组合理论、贷款配给理论、信息不对称理论等。 第二部分介绍了长春分行公司信贷业务风险管理的现状与问题分析。首先 对工商银行长春分行公司信贷业务的基本情况进行介绍；其次对长春分行公司II 信贷业务风险管理的总体情况及资产质量情况进行了概括；最后阐述了长春分 行公司信贷业务风险管理中存在的问题，总体概括为四点，一是信贷基础管理 环节薄弱，二是信贷投放结构失衡，三是法人不良贷款加速劣变，四是信贷人 员能力水平参差不齐。 第三部分介绍了长春分行公司信贷业务风险成因，分别通过外部环境、内 部环境两方面阐述对银行公司信贷风险的影响，剖析了信贷业务风险的成因并 作出风险评价。 第四部分提出了长春分行公司信贷业务风险管控方案。通过信贷经营能力 提升方案、信贷业务全流程风险防控体系、信贷从业人员管理制度三个方面实 现长春分行公司信贷风险管理的合理优化，从而有效把控信贷风险，持续改善 信贷资产质量，全面提升信贷经营能力，促进信贷业务健康发展，走出一条绿 色可持续信贷之路。 关键词： 公司信贷业务，信贷风险，信贷管理优化III Abstract Research on Optimization of Risk Management in Corporate Credit in ICBC Changchun Branch Under the background of the continuous development of socialist market economy, China's commercial Banks contain many risks in the process of continuous innovation and development. As the core and cornerstone of the asset side of commercial Banks, corporate credit business is a high-risk area in many bank businesses. In recent years, the proportion of non-performing loans in China's commercial Banks remains high, and the credit quality continues to deteriorate. Therefore, it has become an urgent problem for commercial Banks to effectively control risks and improve asset quality. As a national key city bank, ICBC Changchun branch’s downward pressure on asset quality has continued to increase since 2018, and the good situation in the non-performing loan amount and the non-performing loan ratio which declined for 10 consecutive years was terminated, and the original operating highlights into operating short board. In the current complex and volatile economic situation, credit personnel must continue to adhere to the principle of safety, liquidity and efficiency, and put safety in the first place. We must firmly establish the concept of risk management, stick to the bottom line of credit risk management, put the concept and requirements of compliance management and steady development into every link and whole process of business development and management. The first part is the introduction, which explains three aspects. The first is the research background and significance. It systematically summarizes the challenges posed by China's internal and external environment to the corporate credit risk management of commercial banks in recent years. It also explains the significance of studying the corporate credit risk management of ICBC under the existing financial background. The second is the research method and content, this article is based onIV the strategic and operational management theory, mainly using the literature analysis and empirical research analysis, and drawing lessons from a large number of strategic and operational management of related theory and practice and related literatures, analyzing the existing problems in the operation and development of ICBC Changchun branch to provide theoretical and practical support for the overall improvement of risk management of ICBC Changchun branch. At the same time, using the combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis method to provide analysis and policy recommendations for the control of corporate credit risk management of ICBC Changchun branch. The third is the theoretical basis and literature review, respectively introducing information asymmetry theory, loan portfolio theory, credit rationing theory. The second part introduces the present situation and problems of corporate credit risk management in Changchun branch. First of all, it introduces the basic situation of corporate credit business of ICBC Changchun branch. Secondly, it summarizes the general situation of risk management and asset quality of corporate credit business in Changchun branch. Finally it introduces the existing problems in risk management, summarized as four, one is that the credit base management is weak, the second is the imbalance of credit structure, the third is that corporate non-performing loans accelerated deterioration, the forth is that the ability level of credit personnel is uneven. The third part introduces the causes of credit risk of Changchun branch, and explains the impact on credit risk of bank companies through two aspects: external environment, internal environment, deeply analyzing the causes of credit risks and making a risk assessment. The fourth part puts forward the risk management and control plan for the corporate credit of ICBC Changchun branch. Through the credit operation capacity improvement plan, the whole process risk prevention and control system of the credit, and the credit practitioners management system, the credit risk management of Changchun branch is rationally optimized, thereby effectively controlling credit risk and continuously improving the quality of credit assets. We will comprehensively improve our ability to control credit risk, promote the healthy development of ourV credit business, and blaze a trail of green and sustainable credit. Keywords: Corporate credit, credit risk, credit management optimizationVI 目 录 第 1 章 绪论........................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景与意义 ............................................................................ 1 1.2 研究方法和内容 ............................................................................ 2 1.3 理论基础和文献综述 .................................................................... 3 第 2 章 长春分行公司信贷业务风险管理现状及问题....................... 8 2.1 长春分行公司信贷业务情况介绍 ................................................ 8 2.2 长春分行公司信贷业务风险管理现状........................................ 8 2.3 长春分行公司信贷业务风险管理中存在的问题........................ 9 第 3 章 长春分行公司信贷业务风险成因分析................................. 15 3.1 外部环境分析 .............................................................................. 15 3.2 内部环境分析 .............................................................................. 18 3.3 风险评价 ...................................................................................... 22 第 4 章 长春分行公司信贷业务风险管控方案................................. 24 4.1 信贷经营能力提升方案 .............................................................. 24 4.2 信贷业务全流程风险防控体系 ................................................ 27 4.3 信贷从