随着我国人口老龄化社会特征的日益明显，如何保障老年人经济社会权益成为了社 会各界所普遍关注的课题。然而我国目前的养老保障体系并不能覆盖所有的老年人群 体，并且社会养老资金捉襟见肘，与我国人口老龄化的格局不相适应。因此，如何积极 采取各种有效手段，开拓养老保障资金来源的新渠道，更好地实现养老的目标，国家和 社会、家庭都非常重视。作为欠发达地区的新疆哈密市是否具有开展“以房养老”的可行 性，如果具有可行性，该市应当的“以房养老”政策应当采取何种模式进行，这均是值得 研究的问题。本文就是从上述问题出发，试图为哈密市“以房养老”政策的实施提供理论 指导。本文除绪论和结论外，可以分为四个部分， 第一部分，“以房养老”的基础理论，主要阐述了“以房养老”政策的概念、理论依据。 第二部分，主要比较分析了国内外“以房养老”的基本模式，对于美国、英国、日本、 新加坡所实行的“以房养老”政策措施进行了考察，同时分析了国内四种养老模式的概况 及其利弊。 第三部分，哈密市开展“以房养老”政策的可行性论证，从经济发展水平、人口老龄 化程度、住房拥有状况、政策法律规定等维度分析了哈密市试行该政策的必要性和可行 性。 第四部分，哈密市实施“以房养老”的方案设计以及哈密市推行“以房养老”可能面临 的风险及其防范对策。 通过全文分析论证可得出结论，哈密具备了推行“以房养老”的基本条件，但盲目采 用不适合当地具体情况的模式必然行不通。本文认为，以市场为主体，政府为政策导向 和监管主体的“反向抵押模式”较为适合，并具有实际操作的可能性。 关键词，“以房养老”；反向抵押；可行性；新疆哈密II Research on the Feasibility of “Retirement with House” in Hami City of Xinjiang Abstract With the arrival of an aging population，the old people's social security system is facing the heavy economic pressure，pension and social security has become a national important matters of concern.Many old people can get few pension per month，it's hard to live a ideal life.Therefore，how to actively take all kinds of effective means to open up a new channel of old-age security funding sources，to better achieve the goal of pension，the state and society，the family are all very seriously.Based on reverse mortgage loans abroad for reference，our country in recent years on the implementation of the policy of retirement with house is to solve the present under the background of an aging society endowment is a feasible path.Retirement with house policy，however，needs certain social and economic conditions，and the corresponding mechanism as its basis，whether with as a less developed region of Xinjiang has carried out the feasibility of the retirement with house，if feasible，the city should be retirement with house policy should take what kind of mode，it is worth studying.This article is from the above questions，tried to with the implementation of the retirement with house policy to provide theoretical guidance.Besides the introduction and conclusion，this paper can be divided into four parts， The first part，the basic theory of the retirement with house，mainly expounds the concept of retirement with house policy and theoretical basis. The second part, mainly examines the basic mode of retirement with house at home and abroad，for the United States，Britain，Japan，Singapore's retirement with house policies and measures，and analyzed the domestic profile of four kinds of endowment models and their advantages and disadvantages. The third part，with carry out the policy of retirement with house in the necessity and feasibility， from the level of economic development，the degree of population aging，housing has condition， policy，law and so on dimension analysis starts with the necessity and feasibility of the policy. The fourth part，with the implementation of retirement with house policy design，first of all， adopt the method of econometric analysis are analyzed with the demand of retirement with house policy factors，and with the typical one，two，three line city of comparative analysis，think retirement with house level of demand and the development of the city has a direct relationship，in the three cities with retirement with house demand，the government under the condition of no intervention，in the lower level in the country.In order to promote with the development of the retirement with house policy，the government should pay attention to retirement with house policy of public welfare，reduce retirement with house product pricing，so as to improve the demand of retirement with house products.Secondly， analyzed the specific process with to carry out the retirement with house and the feasible model，thought model based in Shanghai，combined with the specific circumstances of the system of the systematic design.In the final analysis with retirement with house policy may face the risk and its prevention countermeasures. Keywords ， housing endowment;reverse mortgage;the feasibility; Hami city of Xinjiang 新疆农业大学硕士学位报告新疆农业大学硕士学位报告 III 目 录 第 1 章 绪论...........................................................................................1 1.1 研究的背景................................................................................................. 1 1.2 研究的价值与意义..................................................................................... 2 1.3 国内外研究现状综述................................................................................. 3 1.4 研究方法..................................................................................................... 7 第 2 章 “以房养老”政策的一般理论...................................................9 2.1 “以房养老”的基本内涵 ............................................................................. 9 2.2 “以房养老”的理论依据 ........................................................................... 11 2.3 “以房养老”实施的意义 ........................................................................... 14 第 3 章 国内外“以房养老”的基本模式.............................................16 3.1 国外“以房养老”的基本模式 ................................................................... 16 3.2 我国“以房养老”的基本模式 ................................................................... 18 第 4 章 新疆哈密市试行“以房养老”的可行性论证........................22 4.1 新疆哈密市推行多元化养老模式的必要性........................................... 22 4.2 新疆哈密市试行“以房养老”的可行性 ................................................... 30 第 5 章 新疆哈密市实施“以房养老”的方案设计............................41 5.1 对新疆哈密市“以房养老”需求的实证分析 ........................................... 41 5.2 新疆哈密市试行“以房养老”的基本运作流程 ....................................... 46 5.3 新疆哈密市试行“以房养老”可能遇到的风险及其防范 ....................... 52 第 6 章 结论.........................................................................................54