小微企业是我国经济和社会发展中的重要组成部分，为国民经济的稳步增长、推 动社会进步和科技创新等方面都具有积极意义。但由于小微企业相较于大中型企业具 有更高的风险性、生命周期更短、经营生产的规模更小且抗风险能力较弱，同时由于 小微企业贷款业务中经常存在的基础资料不全、财务数据不完备、贷后管理工作难以 落实等情况，对于商业银行而言，如何在积极拓展小微企业信贷业务的同时有效防控 小微企业贷款风险，是实现小微企业与商业银行利益共赢所要面对的首要问题。 2018 年 6 月，央行及银保监会、证监会、发改委、联合出台《关于进一步深化 小微企业金融服务意见》政策，提出了要利用互联网金融作为扶持小微企业的有效工 具，将包括了大数据、云计算、5G 技术等在内的高科技手段应用到对小微企业的信 用评级和融资业务中去。伴随着互联网技术的迅猛发展和国家的政策支持，互联网与 金融业务不断彼此融合，而这一改变同样反映在商业银行信贷业务的风险管理上。 本文从商业银行角度出发，普惠金融服务往往具有风险高、成本高、收益相对低 的特点。因此，如何在响应国家政策导向、做好小微企业金融服务的同时，也能够有 效把控企业偿债风险、实现企业财务可持续性无疑成为了银行必须要考虑的关键问 题。 本文从商业银行角度出发，分析小微企业银行信贷相关问题。本文以 G 银行小微 企业信贷风险管理案例为研究对象，就互联网金融模式改善小微企业现状的过程中出 现的问题，对 G 银行的小微企业风险管理现状进行分析，从现状出发发现问题，最后 结合当前互联网金融迅速发展的时代背景及“普惠金融”等政策导向，对 G 银行小微 企业信贷风险管理提出改进策略。普惠金融服务往往具有风险高、成本高、收益相对 低的特点。因此，如何在响应国家政策导向、做好小微企业金融服务的同时，也能够 有效把控企业偿债风险、实现企业财务可持续性无疑成为了银行必须要考虑的关键问 题。 关键词：商业银行；小微企业；风险管理；互联网金融I ABSTRACT Small and micro enterprises are an important part of China's economic and social Small and micro enterprises are an important part of China's economic and social development, which are of positive significance for the steady growth of the national economy, promoting social progress and technological innovation. However, compared with large and medium-sized enterprises, small and micro enterprises have higher risk, shorter life cycle, smaller scale of operation and production, and weaker anti risk ability. At the same time, due to the lack of basic data, incomplete financial data, and difficult to implement post loan management in small and micro enterprise loan business, for commercial banks, how to actively expand small and micro enterprises It is the primary problem to effectively prevent and control the loan risk of small and micro enterprises while carrying out the credit business. In June 2018, the central bank, China Banking Regulatory Commission, China Securities Regulatory Commission, China Development and Reform Commission jointly issued the policy of opinions on further deepening financial services for small and micro enterprises, which proposed that Internet finance should be used as an effective tool to support small and micro enterprises, and high-tech means including big data, cloud computing and 5g technology should be applied to the credit rating and financing business of small and micro enterprises. With the rapid development of Internet technology and national policy support, the Internet and financial services continue to integrate with each other, and this change is also reflected in the risk management of commercial banks' credit business. From the perspective of commercial banks, inclusive financial services are often characterized by high risk, high cost and relatively low return. Therefore, how to respond to the national policy guidance, do a good job in the financial services of small and micro enterprises, at the same time, can also effectively control the debt repayment risk of enterprises and realize the financial sustainability of enterprises has undoubtedly become a key issue that banks must consider. From the perspective of commercial banks, this paper analyzes the credit related problems of small and micro enterprise banks. This paper takes the case of small and micro enterprise credit risk management of bank g as the research object, analyzes the current situation of small and micro enterprise risk management of bank g in the process ofII improving the current situation of small and micro enterprises by Internet finance mode, finds out the problems from the current situation, and finally combines the background of the rapid development of Internet Finance and the policy guidance of Inclusive Finance for small and micro enterprises of bank G Micro enterprise credit risk management puts forward improvement strategies. Inclusive financial services are often characterized by high risk, high cost and relatively low return. Therefore, how to respond to the national policy guidance, do a good job in the financial services of small and micro enterprises, at the same time, can also effectively control the debt repayment risk of enterprises and realize the financial sustainability of enterprises has undoubtedly become a key issue that banks must consider. KEYWORDS: commercial bank, small and micro enterprises, risk management, internet finance1 目 录 第一章 绪论...................................................................................................1 第一节 研究背景和意义 ................................................................................................1 一、研究背景................................................................................................................1 二、研究目的................................................................................................................2 三、研究意义................................................................................................................3 第二节 国内外研究现状 ................................................................................................4 一、国外研究现状........................................................................................................4 二、国内研究现状........................................................................................................5 第三节 研究内容与方法 ................................................................................................6 一、研究内容................................................................................................................6 二、研究方法................................................................................................................9 第二章 互联网金融与小微企业信贷风险管理的理论基础.....................10 第一节 小微企业信贷风险成因与特征 ......................................................................10 一、小微企业信贷风险的成因..................................................................................10 第二节 信贷风险管理的理论基础 ..............................................................................12 一、贷款风险的管理..................................................................................................12 二、信贷风险管理相关理论......................................................................................12 第三节 互联网金融背景下商业银行小微企业信贷风险管理的相关理论 ..............13 一、小微企业信贷风险管理相关理论......................................................................13 二、互联网金融的理论基础......................................................................................14 三、互联网金融与银行信贷业务的结合..................................................................15 第三章 G 银行小微企业信贷风险管理案例概况.....................................16 第一节 G 银行小微企业信贷业务概况.......................................................................16 一、G 银行发展基本情况..........................................................................................16 二、G 银行小微企业信贷风险管理现状..................................................................17 三、G 银行小微企业信贷风险管理机制..................................................................182 第二节 G 银行小微企业贷款风险的典型案例