黑龙江省兰西县地热资源可行性研究 随着社会各行业的快速发展，能源的消耗量也逐渐增加，因此对新型能源的 开发变得有很大意义。这种新型能源需要具有可再生性和清洁性，更重要的是要 有充足的资源量。就目前而言，世界上使用较多的三种新型可再生能源是水能、 生物质能和地热能。对新型能源的利用对缓解能源形势、环境保护等方面都有良 好的作用。地热能作为三大可再生能源之一，已经引起越来越多专家学者的重视， 对地热能的开发利用技术也日益成熟。地热能资源包括浅层地热能和深层地热 能，国内对深层地热能的研究尚处于理论阶段，而浅层地热能的开发利用已经起 步，并具有一定规模。对浅层地热能的利用主要包括发电、疗养、旅游、灌溉、 养殖、供暖等方面。 本文以黑龙江省兰西县为研究区，通过对研究区水文、气象、地质、地热等 资料搜集研究，并且参考前人在区域上的研究成果，在研究区内通过地球物理勘 探、水文地质调查等方法获取研究区地热储层相关参数。在系统分析地热的热储、 热源、通道、地热流体的特征的基础上，通过热储法和采收率法分别计算了研究 区的地热资源储量和可开采资源量，还分析了研究区中兰西热 1 井地热水样品的 水化学组分，以此为基础评价地热水的可利用性，并给出初步的开发利用建议。 研究区内的热储类型为传导型（沉积盆地型），分布面积广，岩性、厚度变 化不大，分布稳定，构造条件比较简单。盖层由第四系和白垩系嫩江组、姚家组 和青山口组等组成，热储为白垩系泉头组上部地层，热传导地层主要为白垩系泉 头组下部地层和侏罗系地层。热储层累计厚度 141m，储层 1500 米深度内平均地 温梯度约 3.27℃/100m。根据研究区内的大地电磁测深结果，区内埋深 1500-2100m 处地层存在层状分布砂岩层，为较好的热储层，符合地热开发条件； 并且断裂部位热储物性相对较好，断裂附近应是本区地热储赋存的有利部位。计 算结果表明：本区的地热资源总量为 5.69×10 17 J，热储层中的热水储存量为 5.62×10 8 m 3 ，其中弹性储存量为 1.99×10 6 m 3 ，热水中储存的热量为 0.96×10 17 J。 单井允许开采量为 207m 3 /d，产能可达到 476kw。 根据兰西热 1 井中的水温和水化学组分分析该地热水属于低温地热资源中II 的温热水，可用于医疗、洗浴、采暖、温室、种植等产业，其中医疗洗浴利用方 式为直接利用，其余均为间接利用，排放方式为直接利用处理后排放，间接利用 回灌。 关键词： 地热资源，热储层，地热流体，资源量评价，开发利用III Abstract Feasibility Research on Geothermal ResourcesField in Lanxi County, Heilongjiang Province With the development of society, the consumption of energy is also increasing, therefore it’s significant that development of new energy. This kind of new energy needs been renewable and clean, and more important is to have plenty of resources. As far as it is concerned, the three kinds of most popular renewable energy in the world are water energy, biomass energy and geothermal energy. It’s benefit for relieve the energy situation and environmental protection to explore and use of new energy resources. As one of the three largest renewable energy, geothermal energy has attracted more and more experts’ attention, and the technology of development and utilization of geothermal energy is increasingly mature. Geothermal energy resources include deep shallow geothermal energy and deep geothermal energy, the domestic study of deep geothermal energy was still in the stage of theory, and the development and utilization of shallow geothermal energy has started and has a certain scale. The use of shallow geothermal energy mainly include power generation, health, tourism, irrigation, aquaculture, heating, etc. This paper regards Lanxi county in Heilongjiang province as study field, through collecting hydrology, meteorology, geology, geothermal and other information in the field and reference to the research results of the predecessors in the area and get geothermal reservoir parameters by geophysical prospecting and hydrogeology survey. Based on the system analysis of geothermal reservoir and heat source, channel and the characteristics of the geothermal fluid, calculate the geothermal resources and allowable exploitation quantity in the study area by geothermal reserve method and EOR (enhanced oil recovery). And analyze the water chemical composition of geothermal water in Lanxi heat 1 well, evaluate the availability of geothermal water and give preliminary suggestions for development and utilization of the geothermal water.IV The type of geothermal reservoirs in research area is sedimentary basin conduction type, wide area of distribution, the lithology and thickness changed little, the tectonic conditions is straightforward. The cap rock is constituted by Quaternary and nenjiang group, yaojia group and qingshankou group in cretaceous system, thermal reservoir is he upper quantou group in cretaceous, the channel of heat transfer is substratum of quantou group in cretaceous system and jurassic stratum. The thickness of thermal reservoir 141 meters, geothermal gradient of the reservoir within 1500 meters is 3.27℃/100m. According to the results of the research area of magnetotelluric sounding, there exists that bedded sandstone in stratum between 1500 meters and 2100 meters, it’s good thermal reservoir and in accordance with geothermal mining conditions. physical property of fractures in thermal reservoir is better and it’s favorable position of heat storage. Calculation results show that the amount of geothermal resources in this area is 1.36×10 14 kcal, thermal water storage capacity is 5.62 × 10 8 m 3 , the quantity of heat in thermal water is 2.29 × 10 13 kcal, single well allowable yield is 207 m 3 /d, production capacity can reach 476 kw. According to the water temperature and water chemical composition of Lanxi heat 1 well, this geothermal water belongs to warm water of low temperature geothermal resources. This thermal can be used for physical therapy, bath, heating, greenhouse and planting industry, and the use pattern of therapy is direct use, the others are indirect use. Discharge after processing and indirect use of injection. Keywords: geothermal resources, thermal reservoir, thermal water, resource estimation, development and utilization.V 目录 第 1 章 绪论...................................................................................... 1 1.1 选题依据及意义 ............................................................................. 1 1.2 研究现状及存在的问题 ................................................................. 1 1.2.1 国内外研究现状........................................................................ 1 1.2.2 存在的主要问题....................................................................... 3 1.2.3 研究区地热地质研究程度....................................................... 3 1.3 研究内容及方法 ............................................................................. 4 1.3.1 主要研究内容 ........................................................................... 4 1.3.2 技术路线 ................................................................................ 6 第 2 章 研究区概况............................................................................ 7 2.1 研究区位置 ....................................................................................7 2.2 自然地理概况 ............................................................................... 8 2.2.1 气象条件 ................................................................................... 8 2.2.2 水文条件 .................................................................................. 8 2.2.3 地貌特征 ................................................................................ 9 2.2.4 社会经济概况....................................................................... 10 2.3 地质条件....................................................................................... 12 2.3.1 地层 ........................................................................................ 12 2.3.2 侵入岩 .................................................................................... 14 2.3.3 区域构造特征 ........................................................................ 14VI 2.4 区域地壳特征 ............................................................................... 18 2.4.1 莫霍面特征 ............................................................................. 18 2.4.2 重力场