针对村庄保护煤柱资源的安全经济回收的问题,报告以西马煤矿北翼充填采区村庄保 护煤柱似膏体充填开采为工程背景,釆用概率积分法对白家荒地村和西马峰村保护煤柱充 填开釆引起的地表移动变形进行预计,然后依据国家的相关规定,对两个村庄保护煤柱幵 采方案的可行性进行了研究。 在村庄保护煤柱开釆可行性研究过程中,首先根据村庄建筑物的结构特征和抗变形能 力,选择《建筑物、水体、铁路及主要井巷煤柱留设与压煤幵采规程》规定中保护等级最 高的I级损坏允许变形范围作为确定可行性的标准。然后根据现场实测数据,分别计算出 走向和仰斜工作面充填开采的等效采高,并采用单因素敏感性分析方法对影响充填幵采顶 板下沉量主要因素进行了分析计算,得出了各因素的敏感度。采用概率积分法对地表移动 变形值进行了预计,预计结果表明,白家荒地村保护煤柱开采引起的地表移动变形值在有 村庄建筑物的区域内均在I级损坏允许变形值范围内,即白家荒地村保护煤柱充填开釆方 案是可行的;而西马峰村保护煤柱开釆引起的地表移动变形值在有村庄建筑物的区域内局 部有超出I级损坏的区域,但总体处于在II级损坏允许的范围内,说明开釆方案是不可行 的。随后对西马峰村保护煤柱设计方案进行了调整,在缩小1213工作面的局部尺寸后, 对修改后的开采方案重新进行了预计。预计结果显示,幵采方案调整后,在村庄建筑物区 域内的地表移动变形值均在I级损坏允许的范围内,说明修改后的开采方案是可行的。 最后根据两个村庄的地形地貌和建筑物布局,及预计得出的地表移动变形盆地分布, 按照监测站设计原则,分别为白家荒地村和和西马峰村各设计了一个地表移动变形监测 站。 关键词:村庄保护煤柱;可行性;充填开采;地表移动变形 -I 一 Abstract Aimed at the safe and economical mining of village protective coal pillar, this paper choosed paste-like-backfill filling mining under village protective coal pillar in north filling mining area as the engineering background. The probability integral method was used to forecast ground movement and deformation of Baijiahuangdi and Ximafeng protective coal pillar filling mining.The mining feasibility of two village protective coal pillar were studied by national related regulation. According to the structure characteristics of village building and the resistance ability of deformation, The allowable deformation values of I-class destruction in the Building, Water, Railway or Main Tunnel Pillar Reserve and Coal Pillar Mining Regulations.” were choosed in the mining feasibility study process of village protective coal pillar. The equivalent mining height of strike filling working face and up-dip filling working face were calculated by field measured datas. Single factor sensitivity analysis was adopted to anlyze and calculate main influence factor sensitivity of roof subsidence height,and obtain sensitivity of influence factors. The probability integral method was used to forecast ground movement and deformation. Prediction result showed that the surface deformation values in village building area of Baijiahuangdi protective coal pillar mining were less than I-class destruction, and filling mining scheme of Baijiahuangdi protective coal pillar was feasible; the surface deformation values in village building area of Ximafeng protective coal pillar mining were locally more than I-class destruction but generally less than II-class destruction, and filling mining scheme coal pillar was infeasible. Then original mining scheme of Ximafeng protective coal pillar was regulated. Ground movement and deformation was forecasted after partial size of 1213 working face was reduced. Prediction result showed that the surface deformation values in village building area were less than I-class destruction, and regulated filling mining was feasible. According to topography and building distribution of two village, and predicted surface movement deformation basin layout, one surface movement deformation monitoring station of Baijiahuangdi village and Ximafeng village was individually designed by monitoring station design principles. Key Words: village protective coal pillar; feasibility; filling mining; ground movement and deformation -II - 目 录 m m i Abstract II i绪论 1 l.i选题背景及意义 1 1.2 建筑物下采煤国内外研究现状 2 1.2.1国外研究现状 2 1.2.2 国内研究现状 4 1.3 研究的主要内容和技术路线 8 2矿井概况及可行性判定标准的确定 10 2.1 矿井概况 10 2.1.1 矿井交通位置 10 2.1.2 自然地理条件 11 2.1.3 煤系地层 11 2.1.4 矿井开拓方式及回采工艺 11 2.2 北翼充填采区 13 2.2.1 米区开米范围 13 2.2.2 煤层赋存条件 14 2.2.3 采准及生产系统 16 2.2.4村庄保护煤柱开釆条件及幵采方案 19 2.3 地表允许移动变形范围的确定 23 3预计方法选择及预计参数确定 25 3.1预计方法选择 25 3.2 预计软件简介 28 3.3 预计参数的确定 31 3.3.1 几何参数 31 3.3.2 岩移参数 32 3.3.3 等效米闻 34 -in — 3.4似膏体充填影响地表移动变形主要因素的敏感性分析 36 3.4.1 数学模型的建立 36 3.4.2 各因素的敏感性分析 36 3.4.3 各因素敏感性比较 39 3.5 地表移动变形预计流程 39 4白家荒地村保护煤柱开釆可行性分析 41 4.1 地表移动变形预计 41 4.2预计结果及幵采方案的可行性分析 43 5 西马峰村保护煤柱开采可行性分析 45 5.1 地表移动变形预计 45 5.2预计结果及幵采方案的可行性分析 47 5.3 开采方案的调整及可行性分析 48 5.3.1 开采方案调整 48 5.3.2 地表移动变形预计 50 5.3.3 预计结果及开采方案的可行性分析 53 6 地表移动变形监测方案设计 54 6.1 目的 54 6.2 原则及依据 54 6.3 白家荒地村监测方案设计 55 6.4 西马峰村监测方案设计 57 6.5 地表移动变形观测工作要求及程序 58 7 结论与展望 61 7.1 结论 61 7.2 展望 61