在中国民航业快速发展、年旅客运输量不断创造新高之际，航班正常性问题受 到各界关注。局方也将机场当月航班放行正常率和始发航班起飞正常率作为机场航 班正常性考核的两项指标。实际运行数据表明，航班放行正常率与始发航班起飞正 常率走势基本一致。因此，研究如何提高机场始发航班正常率对航班正常性管理具 有重要的意义。 本文主要通过对近年来国内外有关航班正常性提升、航班运行效率提升、地面 保障流程优化、机场停机位资源优化等方面的文献进行阅读研究。对航空公司、空 管站、机场各保障单位进行实地调研，采集相关运行数据并利用统计分析方法对数 据进行梳理分析，从而对始发航班起飞正常率进行研究。基于深圳机场实际运行情 况，通过对近三年航班实际运行数据采集分析，深入研究，得出航班放行正常率与 始发航班起飞正常率走势基本保持一致，因此，提升始发航班正常率将大大提升全 天航班放行正常率。通过分析深圳机场目前始发航班起飞正常率现状和影响因素， 提出加强航班精细化管控、改善始发航班结构、调整始发航班资源、提高始发航班 靠桥率、优化航班保障标准等一系列符合深圳机场实际运行的可行性措施，并对提 升效果进行预测分析，为今后的航班正常性管理提供参考。 关键词：始发航班 正常率 统计分析 提升方法II 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 Abstract With the rapid development of China's civil aviation industry and the continuous growth in the annual passenger traffic volume, the problem of flight normality has attracted considerable attention from all circles. The civil aviation bureau took the normal rate of monthly airport flight releases and the normal rate of monthly departure flights as two important indicators to assess the normality of airport flights in that month. The data of actual operation show: The trend of normal rate of all-day flights is basically as the same as the normal rate of starting flights. Therefore, it is of great significance to study how to improve the normal rate of airport departure flights for the normal flight management. In view of the importance and urgency of the current flight normality management, there are few studies on improving the normality of the airport departure flights (which is an important part of the all-day flight). Therefore, this paper first studies the literature on the improvement of flight normality, the improvement of flight operation efficiency, the optimization of ground support process, and the optimization of airport parking space resources. This paper also carries out the field investigation to the airline, the air traffic control station, and the airport safeguard unit, and collects the related operation data and uses the data statistical analysis method to analyze the Shenzhen airport departure flight take-off normal rate. Based on the actual operation of Shenzhen Airport, and the collection and analysis of the actual flight operation data in the past three years, it is concluded that the normal rate of flight release is basically consistent with the normal rate of departure of the originating flight. Therefore, improving the normal rate of departure flights will greatly improve the normal rate of all-day flight release. Based on the analysis of the present situation and influencing factors of the normal take-off rate of departure flights at Shenzhen Airport, this paper put forward some feasible measures, such as strengthening the fine control of flights, improving the structure of departure flights, adjusting the resources of departure flights, increasing the bridge dependence rate of departure flights, optimizing the flight guarantee standards, and so on. TheIII 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 outcomes resulting from these measures are also predicted and analyzed, which will provide a reference for the normal management of flights in the future. Key words: Starting flights Punctuality rate Statistical analysis Improvement methodIV 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 目 录 摘要...............................................................................................................I Abstract.......................................................................................................... II 图目录............................................................................................................VI 表目录...........................................................................................................VII 1 绪论.............................................................................................................1 1.1 选题背景...............................................................................................1 1.2 研究目的与意义 ..................................................................................2 1.3 国内外相关研究综述 ..........................................................................3 1.4 研究内容与研究方法 ..........................................................................8 2 基本概念和基础理论 ..............................................................................10 2.1 相关定义.............................................................................................10 2.2 基础理论.............................................................................................11 3 深圳机场始发航班起飞正常率现状和影响因素分析..........................13 3.1 深圳机场简介 ....................................................................................13 3.2 深圳机场始发航班起飞正常率现状分析 ........................................16 3.3 影响始发航班起飞正常率因素分析 ................................................19 4 深圳机场始发航班起飞正常率提升方案及效果分析..........................25 4.1 加强航班精细化管控 ........................................................................25 4.2 改善始发航班结构 ............................................................................26 4.3 调整始发航班保障资源 ....................................................................28V 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 4.4 提高始发航班靠桥率 ........................................................................29 4.5 优化航班保障标准 ............................................................................32 5 始发航班起飞正常率提升方案保障措施 ..............................................38 5.1 严控各单位职责分工 ........................................................................38 5.2 建立航班正常性管理奖惩机制 ........................................................40 5.3 建立航班信息共享和社会监督机制 ................................................41 5.4 建立航班正常性协调联动机制 ........................................................42 5.5 加强信息化系统建设和管理 ............................................................42 结束语.............................................................................................................44 致 谢.............................................................................................................45