FINTECH 2018 THE ASIA PACIFIC EDITION2018 CFA Institute. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, includingphotocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission of the copyright holder. Requestsfor permission to make copies of any part of the work should be mailed to: Copyright Permissions, CFA Institute, 915 East HighStreet, Charlottesville, Virginia 22902. CFA, Chartered Financial Analyst, CIPM, Investment Foundations, and GIPS are just a few of the trademarks owned by CFAInstitute. To view a list of CFA Institute trademarks and the Guide for the Use of CFA Institute Marks, please visit our website atcfainstitute. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It isprovided with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional service.If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. September 2018 。。。。。。