大连理工大学专业学位硕士学位论文
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摘要
金属铬行业属于小金属，也有人将其分类到有色金属，从全球来看虽然产量不多，
却有重大战略意义，是很多产业诸如高温合金（应用到航空航天、军工等领域）、电子
靶材、工业染料领域中不可替代元素。随着全球经济的复苏，以及我国产业结构的调整
和高精尖工业领域的发展，为金属铬企业提供了良好的发展机遇。铬矿资源在我国十分
稀缺，主要来源依赖于进口。生产方式具有高耗能、高污染的特点，近几年国家对于有
色金属行业大力整治，已淘汰一批落后产能，对现存企业的技术提升也提出了硬性要求
由于大部分铬矿最终用于不锈钢生产，所以主要市场走势与不锈钢行业息息相关。受到
钢铁大环境的影响，使得供需关系稳定的铬行业面临较大波动，如何在大环境的影响下
培养并保持竞争优势，是每个企业需要思考的问题
S集团作为金属铬领域跨地区跨产业链的大型民营金属企业，在政策支持与全球化
发展趋势的影响下，20年中经历了发展壮大，产销量一度在全国位居第一，后由于经营
不善逐步走向亏损，再到现在面临停产的窘境。本文以S集团为研究对象，研究其发展
过程中如何制定竞争战略的问题。首先对公司发展历程进行梳理后，深入了解其所处的
行业环境。并对公司特有的能源及产品全产业链进行详细分析，最后通过SWOT等分
析方法，对企业当前的运营能力中的优势、劣势和外部环境所面临的机会和威胁做出分
析。在此基础上，结合S集团自身的实际情况和正在上升的市场环境，制定出公司集中
化发展战略的经营方向和企业定位。最后提出相对应的实施方案和保障措施
本文认为，S集团的主要问题来源于业务的过度多元化，尤其在与主营业务不相关
的产业，并且在转型后企业自身的组织架构和人力结构效率低下。资金面临紧张，管理
效率下滑。S集团应该采取集中化发展的战略，对价值链进行重建，剥离非核心业务、
专注于核心业务，提高企业在行业中的核心竞争力，使企业的发展更加健康。同时对于
我国同样面临过度多元化的私营企业有一定的借鉴意义
关键词：战略管理；集中化战略；过度多元化； SWOT分析
S集团铬业务竞争战略研究
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Research on Competitive Strategy of Chromium Business of S group
Abstract
Chromium industry is a small metal industry, belongs to nonferrous metals industry.
Although volume of production is not much in the world, it is of great strategic significance.
It is an irreplaceable element in many industries, such as high temperature alloy (applies to
aerospace, military industry, etc.), electronic target and industrial dyes. It is a good
opportunity for the development of metal chromium companies, since the recovery of the
global economy, as well as the adjustment of China's industrial structure and the development
of high-precision industrial fields. The resources of ore in China are scarce, mainly dependent
on imports. The production methods in chromium industry have the characteristics of
high-energy-consumption and high-pollution. In recent years, a number of backward
production capacities have been eliminated. Rigid requirements have also been put forward
for the technological upgrading of existing enterprises. As most chromium ore is used in
stainless steel production, the main market is closely related to the stainless steel industry.
Affected by the steel environment, the chromium industry faces greater volatility which
actually is in a stable relationship between supply and demand. How to cultivate and maintain
competitive advantage under the influence of the large environment becomes an important
issue that every company needs to consider.
S group is a large private metal enterprise, which across regions and industry chains. In
the past 20 years, with the influence of policy and global development trend, S group has
developed and grown quickly. Its production and sales volume has been ranked first in the
country. After that, it has been losing money because of poor management and now is facing
the dilemma of shutting down production. This thesis aimed at the study of how to make the
competitive strategy of S group during its development. First of all, the development process
of the company is arranged and the industry environment is deeply researched. Then a detailed
analysis of energy chain and the whole industry chain have been given. After that SWOT
analysis method is used to analyze the advantages, disadvantages of S group and the
opportunities and threats in the external environment. Based on this analysis, combined with
the actual situation of S group and the market environment which is going up, centralized
development strategy are proposed to orientate the management direction and enterprise
orientation. At last, corresponding implementation plans and safeguard measures are put
forward.
This thesis argues that the main problem of S group is the excessive diversification,
especially in industries which are not related to main businesses. The organizational structure
大连理工大学专业学位硕士学位论文
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and human resource structure are inefficient. The cash flow faced tension and management
efficiency is falling down. S group should take focus strategy, to rebuild the value chain,
unload non-core businesses, focus on core businesses, and improve the core competitiveness,
So that the development of S group will be healthier. At the same time, it is of certain
significance for our country to face the same excessive diversification of private enterprises.
Key Words：Strategy Management; Focus Strategy; Excessive Diversification; SWOT Analysis
S集团铬业务竞争战略研究
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目录
摘要 ...... I
Abstract ....... II
1绪论 ....... 1
1.1研究背景 . 1
1.2金属铬行业发展概况 ..... 1
1.2.1 金属铬行业概述 ..... 1
1.2.2 金属铬行业现状 ..... 2
1.3研究目的与意义 . 2
1.4研究内容与方法 . 3
1.4.1 研究内容 ..... 3
1.4.2 研究方法与思路 ..... 3
2相关管理理论及方法概述 ....... 5
2.1战略管理理论 ..... 5
2.1.1企业战略的定义及含义 ... 5
2.1.2基本竞争战略 ....... 5
2.2相关管理方法概述 ......... 7
2.2.1PEST分析7
2.2.2波特五力模型分析 ........... 7
2.2.3SWOT分析 .......... 8
3S集团外部环境分析 .... 9
3.1S集团宏观环境分析 ..... 9
3.1.1政治环境分析 ....... 9
3.1.2经济环境分析 ....... 9
3.1.3社会自然环境分析 ......... 10
3.1.4科技环境分析 ..... 10
3.2产业状况分析 ... 11
3.3竞争环境分析 ... 12
4S集团现状与问题分析 .......... 14
4.1S集团发展概况与现状 ........... 14
4.2企业的资源分析 ........... 17
4.2.1 有形资源分析 ....... 17。。。。。。