关键词:公共产品服务政府和社会资本合作投融资
i 学位论文
MASTER&39;S THESIS
Abstract
According to traditional economic theory, there are three main types of municipal
infrastructure supply mode: the first is the government supply, this facility is mainly pure
public goods, government revenue from the public, then the government spending should
also be no difference in all public service; the second modes of supply is the private
supply of public goods, the supply mode mainly used in quasi public goods, the quasi
public products can effectively exclude other non consumer groups, in such a quasi
public product, can effectively solve the problem of the government for public products
in the field of low efficiency, the investor who can get users to pay expenses such as
stadiums, buses from the quasi public products; third the supply pattern of the third
sector supply, the supply of non-profit organizations. The third sector supply model can
effectively solve the problem of insufficient supply of public goods in the market and the
government, for example, the non - profit organizations set up by the civil rescue teams,
emergency teams and other organizations. In 90s of last century, Western Australia in
Britain,led by the market economy countries the rise of a supply of infrastructure reform
heatwave, government and social capital cooperation (PPP) as a new model of public
goods supply, appear in our field of vision, PPP mode, the introduction of social capital,
and social capital together to build partnerships, risk sharing, revenue sharing, social
capital from the professional point of view to provide more efficient public services,
change the function of government, transform from direct provider of services for the
supply of public goods market supervisors, thus forming a win-win situation. The
government and social capital cooperation in our country have tried from the last century
in 90s, but the domestic real large-scale, high-level promotion PPP mode from the
beginning of 2015, December 2015, the national development and Reform Commission
issued on the government and social capital cooperation guidance opened the round
PPP project construction, in the background of PPP public products and services, how to
achieve the standardized operation process How to allocate the risk of government and
social capital PPP mode of operation which What are the areas of public goods What
will the large-scale PPP project bring to our country’s social development This is the
author of the study in the issue of the problem, hope to conduct research for the actual
case of township sewage treatment plant in Shayang, to discuss relevant problems of
government and social capital cooperation in China, and the development prospect of
China&39;s future PPP career. 碩士学位论文 MASTERS THESIS
Keywords: Infrastructure Government and social capital cooperation Investment and
financing
iii 碩士学位论文
MASTERS THESIS
目录
摘要 i
Abstract ii
胃一章绪论 1
1.1研宄背景 1
1.2研宄意义 3
1.3研宄思路 5
1.4研究方法及创新胃=章研究综述 8
2.1 PPP概念及特点2.1.1 PPP概念界定2.1.2 PPP 特征2.1.3 PPP模式分类2.2理论综述2.2.1国外研宄综述2.2.2国内研宂综述第三章国内外PPP模式现状分析3.1伦敦地铁PPP项目分析3丄1伦敦地铁项目介绍3.1.2伦敦地铁PPP模式3.1.3伦敦地铁PPP项目经验3.2国内PPP模式现状分析第四章PPP模式案例分析:沙洋乡镇污水处理厂
21
4.1沙洋县乡镇污水处理厂项目概况
21
4.2项目运作方式
22
4.3项目交易结构
23
4.4风险分配机制和监管体系
24
4.5案例评价
25
第五章我国PPP模式中存在的问题及对策
26
5.1我国PPP模式存在的问题
26
5.1.1 PPP法律框架缺失
26 耻学位论文
MASTER&39;S THESIS
5.1.2社会信用危机
27
5.1.3现行金融体系不配套
27
5_1.4缺乏稳定的回报机制
28
5.2相关对策
29
5.2.1完善PPP相关法律体系
29
5.2.2融资渠道要实现多样化
29
5.2.3建立市场准入和退出机制
30
5.2.4完善风险分担机制
30
第六章PPP横式在我国的未来展望
31
参考文献 32
SC 34 碩士学位论文
MASTERS THiiSlS
第一章绪论
l.l研究背景
我国传统的公共产品供给模式主要有三种,第一是占主体地位的政府供给模式,
我国在相当长时期的公共产品供给主要是通过财政支出来解决,财政收入源自税
收,谓之取之于民,用之于民;第二种供给模式是私人供给,这种模式主要用于准
公共项目,主要特点是能够采用技术手段有效隔开消费群体,即做到谁使用谁付费,
例如公共汽车、游泳馆等公共服务设施;第三种供给模式是第三部门供给,即非盈
利组织供给模式。第三部门作为市场失灵和政府供给不足的产物,可以作为公共产
品供给市场的有效补充。在这种公共产品供给结构下,政府需要承担的公共产品支
出成本非常庞大,为了满足广大人民群众日益增长的公共产品需求,以财政支出为
主的公共产品供给模式,造成了地方财政巨额的负债
近十年来,我国的城镇化发展水平保持了高速发展的势头,大量的农村居民涌
入城市,城市规模、居民的集中化也越来越明显,数据显示,过去的十年中就将近
4亿农村人口转变为城镇人口,城镇化程度的提升,必然对我们的城镇公共服务提
出了更高的要求,原有的交通、医疗、教育、养老等公共设施远远不能满足人们的
需求,同时我国人均收入水平的增加,导致了人们对生活水平提出了更高的要求,
公共服务跟不上人民群众生活的需求,就导致了一些上学难、出行难、看病难等问
题,要解决这些问题,让人民大众共享社会发展的成果,就不然要加大对公共服务
项目的投入,跟上人们的需求总量
长期以来,我们的基础设施为代表的一些公共产品建设如公路、铁路等基本都
有国家财政主导建设,财政支出是这些公共项目最主要的资金来源,也就是说,我
国以前的公共服务,都是政府投资,投资后政府运营,在这个过程中产生了一些问
题
第一,就是政府建设公共项目的资金来源问题,地方政府在公共服务投入上的
资金来源主要有以下几个来源:税收、通过征收土地、出让土地获得资金来支持公
共服务建设、再就是通过地方政府的融资平台去融资,2014年5月,国务院甚至允
许地方省级政府自行发行债券,进一步扩大了地方政府的债务规模。土地财政的最
大好处就是地方政府通过拍卖土地等预算外手段获得大量的资金来保障公共服务
项目的资金来源,政府大手笔的发债规模也给企业公共服务项目提供了融资渠道,
0 http://www.askci/news/201403/17/17923521298.shtml 2016.4.13 可査
1 碩士学位论文
胃MASTER&39;S THESIS
同时地方政府的债务总规模也有大幅上升
第二,政府财政资金的支出,不能够像以前那样随心所欲。随着我国《预算法》
的的出台,2014年,国务院43号文件《地方政府存量债务纳入预算管理清理甄别
办法》明确提出来,以后地方政府要将全部的收入项目包括债务融资的资金,统
统都要纳入政府的预算管理;不久我国还将要出台相关的集体建设用地和宅基地平
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