随后,本文对比分析了我国商业银行目前所拥有的不良贷款余额以及存在的
不良贷款率,并且从存量以及增量两个维度得出了如下的结论:不良贷款的余额
以及不良贷款率这两个因素都处于不断上升的阶段。最后,通过一系列细致的分
析,从宏观及微观两个角度讨论如何防范出现不良贷款并作出合理的处理建议
关键词:商业银行;不良贷款;影响因素;策略2
Abstract
Non-performing loans has always been a common headaches to commercial
banks around the world, and greatly affects these banks&39; healthy development. It can
lead to financial crisis, as what had happened in many developed countries. As for
commercial banks in China, the topic of non-performing loans calls for serious
attention as well, and the generative mechanism of it makes non-performing loans
incurable. This article starts from the research background and the value of studying
non-performing loans, elaborates on the definition, category and causes of the
non-performing loans in commercial banks, and then sets the focus back in China -
study the current state of the problem in China, and explore the causes.
The study on the current situation of the nonperforming loans in China will be
explained in two aspects: macro- and micro-. Macro-factors mainly include the
peculiar economic structure in China, the unfavorable economic climate, the
insufficiently developed regulatory body. In the micro perspective, a lack of risk
control awareness, unsound motivation mechanism, and a blind confidence atmosphere
among borrowers, jointly forms these non-performing loans.
Further, the article makes a comparison of the data on balance of the
non-performing loans and bad loan ratio in different periods, which leads to the
conclusion that the balance of non-performing loans and bad loan ratios had been
raising during the recent years, and the trend will continue for some time to come.
Follow the analysis, the article gives advices on macro- and micro- policy levels to
handle with non-performing loans of commercial banks in China.
Key words:Commercial banks; Non-performing loans; influences factors; strategies第 1 章 绪论第 1 章 绪论
1.1 研究背景
纵观全球,金融业是一个十分基本的行业。商业银行在整个金融体系中作为
一个能够发挥重要作用的组成部分,近几年,许多国家都爆发过破坏力较大的金
融危机,究其根本原因,主要就是在银行体系的内部,信贷资产的有效质量处于
不断下降。2013 年,英国专业的一家杂志对全球银行进行了排名。在排名前 10
的同类银行中,我国有四家得以上榜。其中,我国工商银行所拥有的资本规模同
比上升了 15 个百分点,排名跃居第一,这种现象也表明我国银行业在规模壮大
依据银监会日前公布的相关数据,我们可以了解到,2013 年末,就我国整个银行
体系而言,不良贷款余额的数值已经达到了 5291 亿元(直到 2015 年时,该数值
已经上升到了 1.96 亿元。就商业银行而言,该数值已经高达 1.27 万亿元,在 2014
年末的基础上增加了 4319 亿元)。下表罗列了 2015 年末我国五大类型银行产生的
不良贷款余额,以及所占的具体比例。通过下表可以看出国有商业银行产生的不
良贷款数额最多;其次是股份制商业银行,占比为 18.43%
表 1.1
商业类别
国有商业
银行
股份制商业
银行
城市商业
银行
农村商业
银行
外资银行
不良贷款
余额
3500 1091 548 726 56
占银行业不
良贷款总额
百分比(%)
59.11% 18.43% 9.26% 12.26% 0.95%
商业银行的不良贷款时有发生,金额较大,容易引发经济及社会问题。政府
高度关注,就此问题开始整顿。1994 年时专门召开了会议,首次提出了要对不良
贷款进行整顿,提高资产质量这项要求,会议结束后,又专门设立了四家对金融
资产进行管理的公司,主要责任是对五家主要的银行出现的不良资产进行剥离
1999 年时,金融管理公司首次采用了专业的方式对不良资产进行了有效的剥离,
但显然这次的措施并没有达到预期的效果。到 2002 年底,对不良贷款率进行计算,
依然高达 20 个百分点,要远远高出国际上所规定的警戒线。因此,当年召开的金
融会议对不良贷款率做出了规定,到 2005 年时,该比率一定要低于 15%。2003
年,国家批准成立了银监会,并且对商业银行定期对不良贷款的信息进行披露进
行了规定,但是就披露的情况而言,该数值依然高达 20000 亿元之多。2004
。。。以上简介无排版格式,详细内容请下载查看