电动汽车的使用将降低汽车燃料消耗量，减少污染物和二氧化碳排放。加快充电
设施建设，将极大促进电动汽车的推广，有效化解能源和环境危机。此外，全球
三大网络基础设施之一的能源互联网，将从根本上改变我国的能源生产消费模式
和产业经济布局，而充电设施作为其构架终端，是能源数据的流量导入口，新能
源和互联网的交汇，将激发经济和社会的巨大变革。因此，充电网络的建设具有
经济和社会的双重意义，不仅保障电动汽车的大力推广，也是国家能源革命战略
的突破口，实现物联网与互联网的融合

本文首先通过文献检索梳理，对电动汽车及充电设施的定义及种类进行界定，
通过分析国内外电动汽车发展情况及充电设施建设情况，揭示我国充电设施建设
速度明显落后的症结所在。通过国内外文献分析，概括分析了充电设施商业模式
研究存在的不足和发展空间。其次，根据我国充电设施发展面临的实际问题，提
出商业模式的完善是促进我国充电设施发展的重要推动力这一结论，并结合时代
发展特征，提出构建充电设施商业模式的四要素。考虑到我国现有机动车补充能
源的主导模式是加油站模式，本文对加油站模式进行了可行性分析，得出在发展
充电设施时套用原有加油站经营模式，虽不可行但可借鉴的结论，通过分析不同
投资主体下的优劣势，得出充电设施的建设应该在混合投资主体下多元化发展

基于以上分析，从充电设施建设运营视角，分别阐述了在充电设施的建设期，企
业可依靠众筹与合作方式共建充电设施；在充电设施的运营期，利用互联网信息
技术构建五大管理盈利平台，实现数据产业三维度拓展；并且企业应形成基于充
电网络的多平台跨产业的服务体系，构建车联网-互联网-桩联网-能源互联网四
网融合的一体化模式

关键词：电动汽车，充电设施，商业模式III
ABSTRACT
Under the unreasonable energy structure, the high speed development of
economy brings the serious energy security and environmental pollution problems.
The use of electric cars will reduce automobile fuel consumption, the amount of
pollutants and COemissions. Accelerating the construction of charging facilities will
greatly promote the promotion of electric vehicles, thus effectively solve the energy
and environmental crisis. Besides, as one of the world&39;s biggest networks, the network
of energy will fundamentally change the layout of energy production, consumption
patterns and economic industry in China. As its terminal architecture, the charging
infrastructure is the entrance of energy data. New energy and the intersection of the
Internet will stimulate the economic and social changes. Therefore, the construction of
the charging network has both economic and social significances. It not only ensures
the promoting electric cars, but is the breach of the national energy revolution strategy
and realizes the integration of Internet and Internet of things.
Through the literature search, this thesis firstly defines the definition and types of
electric vehicles and charging infrastructure, analyzes the domestic and international
development of electric vehicle charging infrastructure construction, points out that
the deficiency is that speed of charging infrastructure construction in China lags
behind the development of EV. Through literature analysis both at home and abroad,
this thesis puts forward the study of charging infrastructure business model is
obviously insufficient. Secondly, according to the practical problems facing the
charging infrastructure development in our country concludes that the improvement of
the business model is the fundamental impetus to the development of charging
facilities. Putting forward the four elements of its business model in combination with
the feature of times development. Finally, the thesis analyzes the feasibility of gas
station model, the conclusion is that it can be drawn lessons from but isn’t feasible.
By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of different investment main body,
draw a conclusion that it should be developed under the mixed investment subject.
Thus, the thesis expounds the construction enterprises can rely on the raise and the
cooperation way to build charging infrastructure, and in the operating period, can useIV
the Internet information technology to build five management earnings platforms,
realize the development of the three dimension data industry. The enterprise should
form across industry service system based on the charging network platforms and
build a fusion model of Internet of Vehicles, the Internet, the Internet of Energy and
the Internet of Charging Facilities.
KEY WORDS: Electric vehicle, Charging facilities, Business modelV
目录
摘要........I
ABSTRACT ...III
第 1 章 绪论......1
1.1 研究背景.........1
1.1.1 环境危机..........1
1.1.2 产业转型..........2
1.1.3 能源安全..........2
1.1.4 能源革命..........3
1.2 研究内容.........4
1.3 研究技术路线图.........5
1.4 研究意义.........6
第 2 章 文献综述..........7
2.1 相关定义及种类.........7
2.1.1 电动汽车定义及种类..7
2.1.2 充电设施定义及种类..8
2.2 国内外发展.....9
2.2.1 国外发展现状10
2.2.2 国内发展现状12
2.2.3 发展不足之处14
2.3 文献总结.......15
2.3.1 国内外研究现状........15
2.3.2 研究不足之处17
2.4 本章小结.......18
第 3 章 充电设施商业模式理论........19
3.1 充电设施发展问题...19
3.2 商业模式是最大问题...........20
3.2.1 商业模式定义21
3.2.2 充电设施商业模式作用........22
3.2.2 我国充电设施商业模式........22VI
3.2.4 成本高盈利难24
3.3 充电设施商业模式要素.......25
3.3.1 社会资本........25
3.3.2 新
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