摘要
创业企业是创业行为的主体，经历着初创、成长与成熟的发展过程。创业企业不是
孤立地存在于社会中，在其创业过程中，企业内外的个人或组织对创业企业的创业活动
存在着重要的影响。以创业企业和参与其创业活动的相关个人或组织为节点，将它们之
间的相互关系作为连接，构成了创业企业的创业网络。伴随着企业的发展，创业网络也
经历着变化。依据企业生命周期理论，将创业网络的发展界定为初创阶段、成长阶段和
稳定阶段。每个阶段有着各自的特点，与此同时不同阶段的演变也存在一定的共性规律。
创业网络的中心性、网络密度和凝聚力作为衡量网络演变的指标，反映着不同的网络特
征。网络中各个特征指标的改变对创业网络的演变有着最直接的影响。
本文分析创业网络的演变过程网络特征的改变原因，以寻找创业网络的演变规律。
针对初创、成长到稳定阶段的各网络的中心性、网络密度和凝聚力对创业网络的演变提
出假设，并对山西**集团的创业网络的演变进行实证研究，构建山西**集团的创业网络，
并将其按照企业的发展经历分为初创网络、成长网络和稳定网络。运用社会网络理论以
及社会网络分析工具 Ucinet & Netdraw 软件对所构成的创业网络进行分析，发现其随着
企业的发展壮大而演变的过程，以及演变过程中网络特征的变化并验证所提出的假设。
发现创业网络的演变过程中，创业企业在创业网络中的中心性增加，创业企业的网络密
度减小，创业企业的网络凝聚力先减小后增加。从而印证创业网络的演变有规律可循，
同时为创业企业的创业网络的构建与优化提供借鉴。
关键词：创业企业，社会网络，生命周期，可视化
Abstract
Entrepreneurial enterprises are the main part of entrepreneurial behaviour, experiencing
the process of starting, growing and stablizing. It isn’t in an isolated state in society, but
tremendously influenced by individuals or organizations inside and outside of the
establishment. Taking enterprises and individuals or organizations involving in the business
activity as nodes and connecting their relationship to form the entrepreneurial network of the
business. With the development of the company, the entrepreneurial network is also changing.
According to enterprise life cycle theory, the growth of entrepreneurial network is defined as
phases of starting, growing and stablizing. There exists respective features in each phase. At
the same time, the evolution of different phases shares common characters. The centricity,
density and cohesion of network as indices to measure the network evolution indicate
different network features. The change of each feature index has a direct impact on the
evolution of entrepreneurial network.
The paper analyzes the reason for changes in the process of evolution in search of
developing principles. Proposing hypotheses toward the network evolution in the aspect of
centricity, density and cohesion of network during starting, growing and stablizing process
and doing empirical research on the entrepreneurial network evolution of ** Company, the
paper aims to build an entrepreneurial network of ** Company and divide it into starting
network, growing network, and stablizing network. Utilizing social network theory and its
analysis tool Ucinet & Netdraw to analyze the formed entrepreneurial network, the paper
intends to learn about the network evolution process as the enterprises’ progress. It also
centers on changes of the basic quality and network characteristics in the course of evolution.
Besides, the hypothesis that has been put forward will be verified. In the network evolution,the
centricity is on the increase, while the density tends to decrease. The cohesion shows the
trend of increase first and then decrease. Thus, there are rules to follow about the evolution of
entrepreneurial network, which can be refered to in the construction and optimization of
entrepreneurial network.
Keywords：Entrepreneurial enterprises, Social network, Life cycle, Visualization