摘 要
中国作为一个农业大国，“三农”问题一直是近年来的一个热点问题，自 2004
年以来，中央的一号文件的内容均以“三农”为主题，以往金融支持的重点是城
市和工业,相比之下的农村金融市场却非常薄弱，应时下的社会主义新农村、城
镇化和城乡一体发展的战略要求，农村更需要金融的支持，为支持农村发展，实
现农民增收，烟台农行在 2008 年成功开办了一款“农户小额贷款”产品，该产
品作为农行服务三农的一个特色业务，它以惠农卡为载体，专门向低收入的农民
群体发放贷款，此业务的开展，不仅化解了农户对信贷资金的需求，同时也调节
了农行的信贷资产结构，丰富了农行多元化发展的格局，农户小额贷款业务正逐
步发展成为农行利润的一个稳定增长点。经过多年以来的发展，截至 2012 年年
末，烟台农行共向农户发放惠农卡 87 万多张，向农户发放的农户小额贷款余额
达 8.65 亿元，共惠及全市 4 万多的农户家庭，农民普及率达到 20%，有力地支
持了农户生产经营和农村经济发展
但随着农户小额贷款业务的不断发展，一些问题也不断显现，出现规模停滞
甚至下降、不良不断上升的情况，为了使该业务能不断地健康发展下去，本文从
农户小额贷款的概念理论出发，结合烟台农村金融发展的现状和烟台农行开展小
额农户贷款的现状，采取规范分析与实证分析相结合的方法，查找出制约农户小
额贷款发展的可能因素，在借鉴国内外先进实践经验的基础上，提出了一些科学
发展农户小额贷款的新模式和有力措施，以求最终实现烟台农行农户小额贷款的
转型发展，即在不断膨胀规模的同时做到风险的有效防控，让惠农资金惠及更多
的农户，实现农户增收、农行发展、社会进步的三丰收，同时通过本文对农户小
额贷款拓展的研究，也可以为山东省其它金融机构发展农户小额贷款提供一定的
借鉴意义
关键词：烟台农行 农户小额贷款 发展
Abstract
As a great agricultural country, the issues of “Agriculture, Rural Area and
Farmers” have been a hot issue in recent years. Since 2004, these issues have been the
theme of the No.1 Central Documents of China. In the past years, focus of the
financial support has been on cities and industry while rural areas are weak in
financial development. In view of the strategic policy of the construction of new rural
areas, urbanization and the integrated development of rural and urban areas, the rural
areas are in greater need of financial support. in order to promote rural development
and increase the earnings of farmers, agricultural banks in Yantai have successfully
launched a micro-credit product for farmers in 2008. As one of the distinctive
products in serving agriculture, rural areas and farmers, this product is farmer-friendly
and is aimed to provide loans for farmers who have low income. With the launching
of this product, farmers’ needs of credit funds are effectively met. Moreover, the
credit asset structure of the agricultural bank is also adjusted, which enrichs their
diversified development. Moreover, the micro-credit business for farmers is gradually
developing into a stable growth pole of profits. After years of development, by the end
of 2012, 870 thousand farmers-friendly bank cards have been issued by ABC in
Yantai. The micro-credit balance for farmers has reached 865 million RMB. 40
thousand peasant households are benefited and the popularizing rate among farmers
has reached 20 percent, which effectively supports farmers’ production and rural
economic development.
However, with the development of the farmers’ micro-credit business, problems
such as stagnation, decline as well as constant bad conditions also arise. In order to
promote the sustainable and healthy development of the business above, this paper
starts from the theory concerning farmers’ micro-credit and combines it with the
current situation of rural financial development and the business operated in Yantai.
By taking the normative and empirical analysis methods, this paper aims to find out
the possible elements which restrict the development of farmers’ micro-credit
business. In view of the advanced practical experience at home and abroad, this paper
puts forward some new patterns and effective measures for the scientific development
of farmers’ micro-credit so as to stimulate the transformation of the farmers’
micro-credit business in Yantai. Through this transformation, agricultural banks in
Yantai are able to take effective methods to controll risks when enlarging the scale for
this business. More peasant households can benefit from the farmers-friendly fund. As
a result, the trio effect can be made: more income of farmers, the development of the
agricultural banks as well as the social progress. Meanwhile, with the research on the
enlargement of the scale of famers’ micro-credit, this paper also sets good examples
for the development of farmers’ micro-credit in other financial institutions of
Shandong province.
Key words: agricultural bank of Yantai ; farmers’ micro-credit ; development