本文以RFID技术在铁路集装箱站场的应用为研究对象。在文章结构安排上首先将
对物联网与物联网核心技术做一背景介绍,结合国内外对物联网技术的研究与应用,
说明物联网在物流企业中应用的必要性。在物联网众多核心技术中,本文重点关注RFID
技术(Radio Frequency Identification,射频识别技术,简称RFID技术)在铁路集
装箱站场的应用。结合自身工作经历,介绍国内铁路集装箱运输管理现状与发展趋势,
在充分分析铁路集装箱站场的主要业务流程旳基础上,找出制约铁路集装箱运输快速
发展的症结,提出本文的中心论点:利用RFID技术,改变铁路集装箱站场基础信息采
集与共享的落后现状,消除重复劳动,实现无纸化作业与信息化管理,为多式联运门
到门运输创造基础条件。本文将结合RFID技术在国内外物流运输领域发展应用现状和
我国铁路集装箱站场作业管理的实际情况,论证铁路集装箱站场管理应用RFID技术的
必要性及可行性,并在此基础上提出了基于RFID技术铁路集装箱站场管理信息系统的
解决方案,实现铁路集装箱站场作业管理的信息现代化,充分发挥铁路集装箱站场在
铁路集装箱运输中的重要作用。最后本文将对全篇观点予以概括性总结,并对铁路集
装箱企业向现代物流企业转型的未来前景进行展望。
关键词:RFID技术;铁路集装箱站场;信息化管理;集装箱跟踪
Abstract
Recently, the internet of things is gradually growing up. The technology of the internet
of things change original mode of operation and management, to integrate the logistics and
information resource which is belongs to logistics enterprise for internal use or external use
between logistics enterprises, cutting logistics cost and enhancing efficiency, causing the
revolution of logistics industry. Railway container transport industry, the branch of logistics
industry, is facing the big opportunity and challenge.
In the paper, the appliance of RFID technology in the railway container station is the
object of research. First of all, I will introduce the background of the internet of things and
the core technology of the internet of things in the structure of the paper. Combining research
and appliance of RFID technology overseas and internally to demonstrate the internet of
things which is applied to logistics enterprise is necessary and practicable. Among the
numerous core technology of the internet of thing, the thesis will focus on the he appliance
of RFID (RFID, short for the Radio Frequency Identification) technology in the railway
container station. Together with my work experience to introduce the domestic current
conditions of railway container transport management and the trends of development, base
on the enough analysis of the main business procedure at the railway container station, I will
find the core problem that restrains the rapid development of railway container transport and
put forward the total argument of this paper. The total argument of this paper is that RFID
technology can be used to put an end to the backwardness situation of the information
collection and share, eliminating repetitions and realizing no-paper operation and
information management to create basic conditions of multimodal door-to-door
transportation. In my paper, I will associate current development and appliance situation of
the RFID technology in the logistics transport industry overseas and internally with the
practical circumstances of our railway container station, to prove that introduction of RFID
technology into railway container station is necessary and practicable and bring forward a
resolve plan that it is railway container station management and information system. The
system will contribute to realize information moderation of railway container station
operation and management and make the functions of railway container station fully used in
the railway container transportation. In the end, I will summarize the whole essay arguments
and forecast the prospect when railway container companies transform to the modern
logistics enterprises.
Key words: RFID technology; railway container station; information management; track
container
第1章绪论
1.1选题背景及意义
1.1.1选题背景
随着经济全球化和区域经济一体化进程的逐步发展,在贸易的广度与深度上,都发
生了巨大的变化。中国企业在这一伟大的进程中,在管理方式和作业方式上,也在逐
步适应这一巨大的变化。在这一进程中,我国集装箱运输业的集装箱运输量逐年上升,
表现为:集装箱运输的优势导致整车运输量逐渐下降,运量流向集装箱运输;制造企
业的制造技术不断升级,产品的附加值逐步增加,这类高附加值产品只能选择更为安
全的集装箱运输;各类集装箱运输方式的物流企业寻求合作,取长补短,致力于发展
海铁联运、水铁联运,门到门运输等多式联运运输,实现货物的全程运输;同时,随
着集装箱制造技术、运输设备及管理水平的不断提高,液体、气体、活物、易腐货物、
不规则货物、长大货物、集重货物等特种货物的集装箱运输逐渐成为现实。在全行业
的集装箱运输量逐年上升的过程中,面对海陆空各个运输行业的激烈竞争,铁路集装
箱运输的市场份额却呈下降的趋势。其中,有铁路运输企业背负着巨额债务以及面临
其他运输成本上涨的压力,提高运费的原因。但铁路运输企业站场的作业效率与作业
质量,也是其中的重要原因。在铁路集装箱运输中,铁路集装箱站场的作业方式与管
理水平直接关系到铁路集装箱年运输量的多少。只有为客户提供优质的服务,才能开
拓铁路集装箱的货源,充分发挥铁路在全天候、中长距离运输的优势,提高铁路物流
企业的盈利水平。
近几年,各国对物联网的研究与投入,物联网技术逐渐成熟,得到了众多行业的泛
的应用。特别是,以RFID技术为代表的自动识别技术,在信息收集、车辆追踪、身份
识别等方面降低了企业的支出成本,并提高了工作效率,创造了较高的经济效益。物
联网与RFID等技术的出现,为铁路运输企业提供了一个难得的发展机遇。利用RFID
技术提高铁路集装箱站场的作业效率与管理水平,提高铁路运输企业的信息化水平,
缩小与其他运输行业在作业效率与管理方式的差距,实现铁路运输企业向现代物流企
业成功脱变。
1.1.2选题意义
近年来,物联网的逐步兴起,引发了整个物流业的变革。无论从操作模式到管理方
式,物流运输企业都在向着信息化管理、智能化运输方向发展。物流企业利用物联网
==>>