为此，海尔集团进行了以员工自主经营管理为特征的自主经营体管理模式的
探索和创新：以创造用户需求为导向，在企业内部建立起一种公平高效的自主经
营机制，为员工搭建一个“我的用户我创造，我的增值我分享, 我的成功我做
主”的自我实现平台, 让企业变成一个能够自创新、自驱动、自运转的组织。
海尔自主经营体管理模式是国内企业的一次大规模的在自主管理实践方面
的探索，对自主管理在广大企业更好地推行有重要的借鉴意义。同时，它回答了
在当今客户经济主导的互联网时代，如何通过建立快速响应市场需求的业务流程
和组织结构，准确地发现和满足用户需求，为用户创造价值，从而改善企业的绩
效，提高企业的竞争力。它使海尔从制造业到服务业的转型战略得以落地，为中
国企业指出了一条以管理创新带动增长方式转变的道路。
本文是基于相关的研究成果，以自主经营管理为切入点，通过理论分析和案
例研究相结合的方式，全面研究海尔集团自主经营体管理模式。
首先，论文介绍了国内外对自主管理以及海尔自主经营体的研究现状，并对
论文所涉及的创新、激励、参与约束、激励相容等相关理论做了简单的回顾。
然后，论文从国外企业自主经营管理成功案例、海尔自主经营机制探索的经
验积累、企业战略转型、信息化时代、流程再造等方面分析自主经营体管理模式
产生的背景。
接着，论文重点对自主经营体的内涵和实施进行了详细的介绍，并对其阶段
性效果和意义、运行经验和存在的问题及对策进行了分析总结。
最后，作者基于案例研究得出结论，并指出了研究的局限和未来研究的方向。
关键词：自主经营体；管理创新；自主管理
Abstract
When the employee’s problem of adequate food and clothing is settled, he will
aspire after self-actualization and self-management. People are the most active factor
of the productive force. Enterprise's success depends on the participation and
self-management level of all staff, not the strict management system. The best mode
of management is self-management.
The Haier group starts the ZZJYT management innovation, with the characteristic
of staff self-management. With the orientation of creating client demand, set up a fair
and efficient self-management operation environment, build a self-fulfilling platform
of “ I create my clients, I share the added value, I decide my success ” for staff, and
let the enterprise be an organization of self-innovating, self-driving, and
self-operating.
Haier ZZJYT management mode is an attempt for self-management, and it is very
important for domestic companies to learn. At the same time, it answers the question:
how to find and meet customer’s need, and create value for them in the customer
leading economy and internet age, so as to improve the performance of the enterprises
and improve their competitiveness. It makes the Hair strategy from a manufacturing
company to a service company come true, which points out a management innovation
path for Chinese enterprises.
Based on the related research results, and through the combination way of the
theoretical analysis and case studies, this paper starts from self-management and gives
a comprehensive study for the Haier group ZZJYT management mode.
First, this paper introduces the research situation at home and abroad for
self-management and reviews the relevant theories of innovation, incentive, constraint
and incentive compatibility, etc.
Second, it analyses the background of ZZJYT from foreign successful
self-management cases, Haier experience of self-management operation, enterprise
strategy transfer, information age and BPR.
Next, this paper focuses on the ZZJYT connotation and application in detail, and
analyses the stage effect and meaning, operation experience, the existing problems
and countermeasures.
At last, the author concludes the case study, and points out the research
limitations and future research direction.
Keywords: ZZJYT, management innovation, self-management
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