摘要
在人一生的职业发展中，追求职业生涯成功是每个人内心终极目标。研究职业成
功可以为个体制定适合自身的职业发展目标，避免其在职场中盲目攀比，走入误区。
职业生涯成功的研究历来为理论界和实务界所重视，在现代化的大环境中，许多因素
都会对其产生影响，如个人特质、环境等，而现有研究对于职业生涯成功大多从以上
单一层面进行探讨。根据职业发展主动构建理论，在传统对于职业生涯成功的研究中，
往往更加注重客观能力忽视了个体认知的重要性。但研究自我效能感等个体认知变量
在影响员工工作业绩和建树的具有必要性。同时，在如今快节奏的生活中，在职个体
面临着工作和家庭琐事的双重压力，工作与家庭两者之间的平衡状态会对在职个体产
生一定影响。人们越来越感受到家庭的重要性，组织支持和家庭支持也不再是单一领
域对职业生涯的支持，两个支持转变为家庭和组织之间资源的相互渗透，继而共同影
响在职个体的心理和职场状态。
在参考已有研究文献的基础上，本文构建了职业生涯成功模型，将自我效能感作
为中介变量，把组织支持和家庭支持作为调节变量，探究个人禀赋对职业生涯成功的
影响及其作用机理。本文以人力资本理论、职业生涯管理理论和工作家庭边界理论作
为研究的理论基础，并基于第四期中国妇女社会地位调查数据进行实证研究。
实证分析结果表明：个人禀赋对个体的职业生涯成功产生显著正向影响；自我效
能感对个体的职业生涯成功产生显著正向影响；自我效能感在个人禀赋对个体的职业
生涯成功产生之间起到部分中介作用；家庭支持和组织支持在个人禀赋与自我效能感
之间起正向调节作用，且组织支持的调节作用更强。
对此，为促进个体职业生涯成功，本文从个体、组织和家庭三个角度给出对策和
建议。首先，个体应注重自身的学习和提高，保持技能学习和获得职称的同时，自我
效能感的形成亦不能忽视。其次，强调组织支持对个体在职业发展中的促进作用，“为
人民服务型”管理者可辅助员工依靠其个人禀赋形成自我效能感，促进职业生涯进程。
作为员工，在职个体在组织中可以积极向组织寻求帮助，以提升自身专业技能，或主
动与领导或者同事进行沟通，增强组织认同感。最后，家庭支持的调节效应也启示我
们，在利用个人禀赋追求职业生涯成功时，应当主动与家庭成员进行沟通，以获得家
庭提供的情感支持和资源帮助，促使个人禀赋的正向促进作用最大化。
关键词：个人禀赋；职业生涯成功；自我效能感；家庭支持；组织支持
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Abstract
In the career development of one's life, the pursuit of career success is everyone's
ultimate goal. The study of career success can set suitable career development goals for
individuals and avoid blind comparison and misunderstanding in the workplace. The
research on career success has always been valued by the theoretical and practical circles.
In the modern environment, many factors will affect it, such as personal characteristics,
environment and so on. However, the existing research on career success is mostly
discussed from the above single level. According to the theory of active construction of
career development, the exploration of the impact mechanism of career success should
break through the limitation of focusing only on objective ability in the traditional concept,
pay attention to the key intermediary role played by social cognitive variables, and
emphasize the significance of self-efficacy in affecting personal performance, achievement
and career development. At the same time, in today's fast-paced life, working individuals
are facing the dual pressure of work and family chores. The balance between work and
family will have a certain impact on the state of workingindividuals. People are
increasingly aware of the importance of family. Organizational support and family support
are no longer the support of a single field for career. The two supports are transformed into
the mutual penetration of resources between families and organizations, but few existing
studies combine family and work to jointly explore the impact of personal endowment and
career success.
This paper takes human capital theory, career management theory and work family
boundary theory as the theoretical basis of the research, and makes an empirical study
based on the data of the fourth China Women's social status survey.The empirical results
show that: personal endowment has a significant positive impact on individual career
success; Self efficacy has a significant positive impact on individual career success; Family
support and organizational support play a positive regulatory role between personal
endowment and self-efficacy, and the regulatory role of organizational support is stronger.
In this regard, in order to promote individual career success, this paper gives
countermeasures and suggestions from the perspectives of individual, organization and
family. First of all, individuals should pay attention to their own learning and improvement.
While maintaining skill learning and obtaining professional titles, their physical health can
not be ignored. Secondly, it emphasizes the role of organizational support in promoting
individual career development. "Serving the people" managers can promote the career
process of employees. As employees, in-service individuals can actively seek help from the
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