I 摘要 我国发展已经进入了新的时代，客运交通行业也逐步迈入网络化、现代化。 随着高铁、民航等更加便捷的交通方式的快速发展和私家车的数量的不断增长， 人们的出行方式和出行选择有了更多选择。这直接导致道路客运企业的客运量 不断减少、收入逐年降低，发展面临困境。面对严峻的外部形势和激烈的市场 竞争，道路客运企业急需挖掘企业自身内部能力，整合资源配置，找准企业定 位，实现企业的长远发展。 本文认真分析了当前道路客运行业的发展现状，翻阅了近几年的行业发展 数据，并结合SR汽运公司实际进行了综合分析。首先从发展战略理论出发， 归纳和阐述了国内外发展战略研究的现状，再根据SR汽运公司发展现状提出 公司目前发展存在的问题，并通过对SR汽运公司的内部环境和外部环境的分 析，结合企业的战略目标，从而为SR汽运公司的战略选择与制定提供可靠的 依据，随后通过PEST分析法分析出公司外部环境带来的机会和威胁，通过swot 分析法找出企业自身的优势和劣势，并由此提出公司的战略定位和具体的实施 举措，从而使公司在当前激烈的竞争环境下，实现持续、健康、长远发展。 根据企业发展目标，本文提出了低成本扩张、资源优化整合、多元化发展 三大发展战略并制定了对应的战略实施保障。该战略可以帮助SR汽运公司降 低发展成本，整合内部资源，优化发展结构、提升企业核心能力。SR汽运公司 作为江西省内重要的客运企业，本文对SR汽运公司发展战略的研究，具有现 实意义。笔者希望本文的结论和成果对本行业的未来发展提供一些经验和实践 作用。 关键词：道路客运；SR汽运公司；发展战略 ABSTRACT II ABSTRACT ChineseEconomyhasgoneintoanewera，passengertransportindustryhas graduallysteppedintotheinformationandmodernization.Inrecentyears,withthe developingofHigh-speedrail,civilaviationandothermoreconvenientmeansof transportation,moreandmoreprivatecars,peoplehavemorechoicesforgetting around.Forthisreason,theroadpassengertransportindustryisfacingproblemsof passengertrafficdecreasingandrevenuedecreasing.Withthesevereexternal situationandfiercemarketcompetition,howtoexploretheinternalcapabilities, integratetheresourcesandfindtherightplacesoastorealizethelong-term developmenthasbecomeaurgentneed. Basedonthecurrentindustrydevelopingstatusanddevelopmentdatainrecent years,thispapermakesacomprehensiveanalysisofSRcompany.Startingfromthe theoryofdevelopmentstrategy,thispaperexplainsandsummarizesthecurrent situationofthedomesticandinternationalresearchesondevelopmentstrategies.And thenthispaperputsforwardtheproblemsexistingincurrentdevelopmentofSR company. Byanalyzingtheinternalandexternalenvironment,combiningwiththe strategicobjectives,thepaperprovidesareliablebasisforstrategy'schoiceand formulation.ThroughPEST,theopportunitiesandchallengesbroughtbytheexternal environmenthavebeensummarized.ThroughSWOT,theadvantagesand disadvantagesofthecompanyhavebeenfoundbinedwiththeabove information,thecompany'sstrategicpositioningandconcretemeasureshavebeen putforwardsothatthecompanycanachievesustainable,healthyandlong-term developmentinthetoughercompetition.Accordingtothecorporatevision,this paperputsforwardthreedevelopmentstrategiesoflow-costexpansion、resource optimizationanddiversifieddevelopment,andformulatescorresponding implementingguarantee.Thesestrategiesarehelpfultoimproveenterprise managementlevel,optimizebusinessstructureandenhancetheircore competitivenessforSRcompany.ThispaperondevelopmentstrategyofSR ABSTRACT III company,whichisanimportantpassengertransportenterpriseinJiangxiProvince,is ofgreatimmediatesignificance.Thewriterhopesthattheconclusionsandresultsof thispaperwillprovidesomereferenceforindustrydevelopmentinthefuture. KeyWords：Roadpassengertransportation；SRAutomobileTransportCompany； Developmentstrategy 目录 IV 目录 第1章绪论.................................................................................................................1 1.1研究背景与意义.............................................................................................1 1.1.1研究背景...............................................................................................1 1.1.2研究意义...............................................................................................2 1.2国内外研究综述.............................................................................................3 1.2.1国外研究现状.......................................................................................3 1.2.2国内研究现状.......................................................................................4 1.2.3国内外相关研究述评...........................................................................6 1.3研究方法、思路和内容.................................................................................6 第2章研究的相关基础理论.....................................................................................8 2.1战略管理概念.................................................................................................8 2.2企业战略相关理论.........................................................................................8 2.2.1竞争战略理论.......................................................................................8 2.2.2战略设计和目标战略理论...................................................................9 2.2.3企业核心能力理论.............................................................................10 2.3支持本文研究的分析方法.............................................................................11 2.3.1PEST分析法.......................................................................................11 2.3.2SWOT分析法.....................................................................................12 第3章SR汽运公司发展现状、问题和原因分析..................................................13 3.1公司简介和发展现状...................................................................................13 3.2企业发展面临主要问题...............................................................................14 3.2.1经营状况逐渐恶化.............................................................................14 3.2.2经营结构愈发单一.............................................................................15 3.2.3管理人才不断流失.............................................................................16 3.2.4转型发展面临困境.............................................................................17 3.3问题的内部原因分析...................................................................................18 3.3.1组织决策能为分析.............................................................................18 目录 V 3.3.2人力资源状况分析.............................................................................19 3.3.3生产运营状况分析.............................................................................21 3.4问题的外部原因分析...................................................................................22 3.4.1政治环境分析.....................................................................................22 3.4.2行业竞争性分析.................................................................................22 3.4.3潜在竞争对手分析.............................................................................24 第4章SR汽运公司发展战略目标的选择和实施..................................................25 4.1SWOT分析矩阵............................................................................................25 4.2SR汽运公司的战略目标...............................................................................26 4.3SR汽运公司的战略选择...............................................................................27 4.3.1成本领先战略.....................................................................................27 4.3.2资源优化整合战略..............................................................................28 4.3.3多元化战略..........................................................................................29 4.4SR汽运公司战略实施...................................................................................30 4.4.1夯实基础巩固客运业务.....................................................................30 4.4.2依托地域发展运游结合.....................................................................30 4.4.3创新发展