农商银行为农村经济的发展提供了巨大的推进作用。习近平总书记在中央农村工作 会议上对做好“三农”工作做出重要指示，总结和交流了各地区实施农村振兴战略的经 验，强调各地区农村金融机构要加强边远落后地区的金融扶贫工作。可见，农村金融机 构在精准扶贫和农村振兴中发挥着重要作用，不断提高农村金融机构的服务能力和管理 水平具有重大而深远的意义市场经济不断发展完善，商业银行业飞速发展，可是商业银 行不断发展，其面临的信贷风险也在逐步增加，商业银行自身管理的很多问题致使大量 的贷款无法正常收回，很不利于商业银行的短期发展，更不利于国家经济的稳定和发展。 因此，必须采取措施化解和防范信贷风险势。 JY 农商行是一家拥有 24 家支行和 1 个营业部的农村商业银行，2010 年完成了从原 JY 县农村信用社到 JY 农商银行的股份制改造组建工作。2018 年存款总额达到 240 亿 元，贷款总额达到 140 亿元，存贷比到了 58.3%，其资金规模可以说是县各金融机构中 经济总量最大的县金融机构。JY 农商银行的业务主要为贷款和存款业务，主要收入为 贷款利息收入。 首先，本文给出了信贷及信贷风险的定义，简要的介绍了什么是银行信贷风险管理 理论体系，收集并整理了国内外关于信贷风险管理方面的文献，为本文提供理论基础， 为下文如何有效的防范和化解信贷风险提供了理论支撑。 其次，回顾和追溯了 JY 农商银行的发展历史及现状，对 JY 农商银行的信贷现状 进行数据描述，找出其在信贷风险管理中出现的问题。鉴于 JY 农商银行的特殊性，分 析研究 JY 农商银行出现这些问题的原因，为下文叙述如何防范和化解信贷风险做好铺 垫。 最后，将具体的防范和化解 JY 农商银行信贷风险的方法及方法实施的保障呈现出 来，并总结概括全文，为其他信贷风险管理水平低的农商银行提供借鉴之处。此外，JY 农商行作为规模最大县域金融机构，应不断完善自身的信贷风险管理水平，提升自己在 金融机构中的竞争力。 关键词：农村商业银行，信贷，风险防范与化解山东建筑大学硕士学位论文 II ABSTRACT Rural and commercial banks have provided a great boost to the development of rural economy. At the Central Conference on Rural Work, Xi Jinping, Secretary-General on the "three rural" work important instructions, a variety of rural areas of the active implementation of the strategy, outlined the exchange of a variety of rural financial institutions in the remote and rear areas of the financial poverty alleviation stressed the need to strengthen. It can be seen that local financial institutions play an important role in targeted poverty alleviation and invigorating local economy. It is of great significance to continuously improve the service capacity and management level of local financial institutions. As it develops, the credit risk it faces increases. Due to many problems in the management of commercial banks, many loans cannot be recovered normally, which is not conducive to the short-term development of commercial banks and the stability and development of the national economy. Therefore, it is necessary to take countermeasures to solve and prevent the tendency of credit risk. In recent years, along with the market economy unceasing development and the consummation, the commercial banking industry has obtained the rapid development, but along with commercial bank's unceasing development, the credit risk which its interior faces unceasingly is also increasing, because own management question caused the massive loans to be unable to take back had not the small loss to the commercial bank, not only this did not favor the commercial bank the short-term development, did not favor the state economy society the development and the stability . Therefore, adopts the measure guard and the melt credit risk promptly imperative. The JY rural and commercial bank is one has 24 sub-branches and 1 sales office's countryside commercial banks, in 2010 has completed from the original JY county countryside credit association to the JY rural and commercial bank joint stock system transformation creation work. In 2018 the total deposits achieved 24 billion Yuan, the loan total amount achieved 14 billion Yuan, saved the loan compared to arrive 58.3%, its fund scale might say was in the county various financial organ the economic output biggest county financial organ. JY rural and commercial bank service mainly for loan and deposit service, main income for loans interest income.山东建筑大学硕士学位论文 III First, this article has given the credit and the credit risk definition, brief introduction any was the bank credit risk management theory system, collected and reorganized domestic and foreign about the credit risk management aspect literature, provided the rationale for this article, how has provided the theory support for as follows effective guard and the melt credit risk. Next, reviewed and has traced the JY rural and commercial bank development history and the present situation, carried on the data description to the JY rural and commercial bank credit present situation, discovered it the question which appeared in the credit risk management. In view of the fact that the JY agriculture business bank particularity, the analysis studies the JY rural and commercial bank to have these problems the reason, how narrates for as follows guards against and the melt credit risk completes the upholstery. Finally, the concrete guard and will melt the JY rural and commercial bank credit risk the method and the method implementation safeguard presents, and will summarize the summary full text, will provide place of the model for other credit risk management level low rural and commercial bank. In addition, the JY rural and commercial bank took the scale biggest county territory financial organ, should unceasingly consummate own credit risk management level, promotes oneself in the financial organ competitive power. Key Words: rural and commercial bank, credit and loan, risk prevention and resolve山东建筑大学硕士学位论文 IV 目录 摘要........................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT............................................................................................................II 第 1 章 绪论........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景及研究意义.......................................................................................................1 1.1.1 研究背景.....................................................................................................................1 1.1.2 研究意义.....................................................................................................................2 1.2 研究内容与框架...............................................................................................................3 1.2.1 研究内容......................................................................................................................3 1.2.2 研究框架......................................................................................................................3 1.3 研究思路与方法................................................................................................................6 1.3.1 研究思路......................................................................................................................6 1.3.2 研究方法......................................................................................................................6 1.4 创新之处............................................................................................................................7 第 2 章 理论基础和文献综述...............................................................................8 2.1 概念界定............................................................................................................................8 2.1.1 信贷..............................................................................................................................8 2.1.2 信贷风险......................................................................................................................9 2.1.3 信贷风险管理............................................................................................................10 2