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“一带一路”横跨亚欧非大陆,规模非常可观,它覆盖社会经济、能源以及环境各 个行业,而且它是覆盖多国家的发展战略,是一种跨行业的变革性的行为。 “一带一路” 倡议有助于推动联合国可持续发展目标的实现,但沿线国家的发展形式具有明显的差异 性以及不平衡性,这直接制约了 “一带一路”沿线国家的绿色协调发展。因此,对沿线 国家的经济-能源-环境系统以及与技术创新的互动关系进行研宄,对于了解不同国家的 发展模式,逐步解决经济发展与能源环境承载压力的矛盾,促进 “一带一路”沿线国家 可持续绿色发展具有重要的意义。 首先,本文研宄了“一带一路 ”沿线国家的经济效率、能源效率和环境效率,分析 不同收入组别的国家发展模式以及存在的问题,它为实施具体措施、解决相应问题提供 了现实基矗其次,将经济、能源和环境效率综合为绿色发展效率,基于GML指数研 宄沿线国家绿色发展效率的增长模式,并从指数内部分析了技术创新对增长的贡献程 度。再次,本文在面板单位根检验的基础上利用面板向量自回归模型(PVAR)构建了 “一带一路”沿线国家经济、能源、环境与技术创新之间的互动关系研究模型,并采用 面板Granger因果关系检验、面板脉冲响应函数分析以及面板方差分解动态地研宄了 “一 带一路”沿线国家经济、能源、环境与技术创新之间的互动关系。最后,本文根据实证 分析结果提出了促进“一带一路”沿线国家绿色可持续发展的措施以及提升技术创新作 用的相关政策。 研究结果表明,“一带一路”沿线国家的发展模式因其经济发展程度的不同具有差 异性和不平衡性,经济发展程度越高,其绿色发展效率越高,即高等收入国家的效率最 高,发展模式最为理想;中高等收入国家绿色发展效率次之,且 “追赶效应”不明显; 中低等国家的效率最低,但存在明显的 “追赶效应”,潜力较大。同时,“一带一路”沿 线国家的经济、能源、环境和技术创新之间存在长期稳定的互动关系:经济增长和环境 改善之间以及能源效率和环境效率之间存在双正向互动关系,技术创新对经济、能源和 环境三方面都具有促进作用。“一带一路”沿线国家可以通过发展绿色产业、改变发展 模式、加强技术合作等措施促进共同体的可持续发展。 关键词:“一带一路 ”沿线国家;绿色发展效率;技术创新;面板向量自回归 Abstract “TheBeltandRoad”spansAsia,Europe,andAfrica,andisofconsiderablescale.It coverssocio-economic,energy,andenvironmentalindustries,anditisadevelopmentstrategy coveringmultiplecountries.Itisatransformativebehavioracrossindustries.<4TheBeltand Road,5initiativehelpspromotetherealizationoftheUnitedNationsSustainableDevelopment Goals,butthedevelopmentformsofthecountriesalongthelinehaveobviousdifferencesand imbalances,whichdirectlyrestrictsthecoordinateddevelopmentofthecountriesalong'The BeltandRoad”.Therefore,theeconomic-energy-environmentsystemsandtheroleof technologicalinnovationinthecountriesalongtheroutearestudied.Tounderstandthe developmentmodelsofdifferentcountries,graduallyresolvethecontradictionbetween economicdevelopmentandthepressureofenergyandenvironmentalbearing,andpromote thesustainabledevelopmentofthecountriesalong“TheBeltandRoad”Isofgreat significance. First,thisarticlestudiestheeconomicefficiency,energyefficiency,andenvironmental efficiencyofthecountriesalongt6TheBeltandRoad,,?analyzesthedevelopmentmodelsof differentincomegroupcountries,andexistingproblems.Itprovidesarealisticbasisfor implementingspecificmeasuresandsolvingcorrespondingproblems.Secondly,itintegrates economic,energyandenvironmentalefficiencyintogreendevelopmentefficiency,studiesthe growthmodeofgreendevelopmentefficiencyofcountriesalongthelinebasedontheGML index,andanalyzesthecontributionoftechnologicalinnovationtogrowthfromtheindex. Thirdly,basedonthepanelunitroottest,thispaperusesthepanelvectorautoregressive model(PVAR)tobuildaresearchmodelontheinteractiverelationshipbetweentheeconomy, energy,environmentandtechnologicalinnovationofthecountriesalongutheBeltandRoad5,? andusesthepanelGrangercausalitytestthepanelimpulseresponsefunctionanalysis.And panelvariancedecompositionanalysisdynamicallystudytheeconometricrelationships amongthecountriesalong“theBeltandRoad’’economy,energy,environment,and technologyinnovation.Finally,basedontheresultsofempiricalanalysis,thispaperproposes measurestopromotegreensustainabledevelopmentinthecountriesalong(ttheBeltand Road5,1andrelevantpoliciestoenhancetheroleoftechnologicalinnovation. Theresultsofthestudyshowthatthedevelopmentofcountriesalong<6theBeltand Road^isdifferentandunbalancedduetotheirdifferentdegreesofeconomicdevelopment. Thehigheracountry'seconomicincome,themoreefficientitsgreendevelopment.Thatis, high-incomecountrieshavethehighestefficiencyandthemostidealdevelopmentmodel; middle-andhigh-incomecountrieshavethesecondhighestgreendevelopmentefficiency,and the"catch-upeffect"isnotobvious;middle-andlow-incomecoxxntrieshavethelowest efficiency,butthereisasignificantHcatch-upeffect",sohasgreatpotential.Meanwhile, countriesalongietheBeltandRoad'1Thereisalong-termstableandbalancedrelationship betweeneconomic,energy,environment,andtechnologicalinnovation:thereisadouble positiveinteractionbetweeneconomicgrowthandenvironmentalimprovement,andthesame betweenenergyefficiency.Technologicalinnovationcanpromotetheefficiencyofeconomy, energyandenvironment.Countriesalong“theBeltandRoad”canpromotesustainable developmentofthecommunit