在国家各种规定及重重环保政策的推动下，为严格控制燃煤污染物的排放， 推进国家环保工作和生态文明建设，SP公司对其下属的醋酸、甲醇及污水处理 装置进行了改扩建。一方面达到原料气回收利用，有效回收资源，增大产能的 同时减少能源用量的效果，另一方面可以对废气、废水深度治理，减少污染物 排放，做到节能与减排并举。2017年以来，公司对3台240吨/小时（3×240t/h） 燃煤循环流化床锅炉尾气进行了脱硫脱硝除尘改造，设立了3×240t/h燃煤循环 流化床锅炉尾部烟气脱硫脱硝除尘改造项目。 通过对已建项目的安全管理现状以及事故案例分析，发现目前SP公司化工 改造项目施工安全管理方面普遍存在安全教育培训和票证办理制度执行不严、 交叉作业管理不到位以及作业人员服从性低等问题。并认为项目安全管理制度 不完善、人员安全素质低下、及施工组织设计与方案不科学是引发当前安全管 理不足的原因。结合除尘改造项目案例建设过程中暴露出的安全与进度制约、 质量安全不达标和安全管理被动三方面的问题，从事故致因的角度分析，认为 生产流程要求、复杂的施工条件，以及“人的不安全心理、物料和机械的不安全 状态、规章制度的完善程度以及恶劣环境”等因素是影响化工项目施工安全管理 的最主要因素。因此为提升除尘改造项目后续施工安全管理水平，事前从安全 教育培训内容、安全文明施工管理制度、施工组织设计与方案等方面进行了改 进，事中强调加强安全动态检查制度，事后及时响应应急救援预案。最后，面 对行业发展需求以及目前SP公司化工改造项目施工安全管理暴露出的问题，提 出了构建项目安全管理双重预防体系的构想。着重关注风险分级管控和隐患排 查治理，致力于利用信息化手段做到风险管控和自动预警。 关键词：化工项目，施工安全管理，目标控制，双预防体系 江苏大学工商管理硕士（MBA）学位论文 II ABSTRACT Tostrictlycontrolthedischargeofpollutants,strengthenenvironmental protectionandecologicalcivilizationconstruction，SPcompanyhasrenovatedand expandeditssubordinateaceticacid,methanolandsewagetreatmentunits.Onthe onehand,itcanachievetheeffectofrecyclingrawgas,effectivelyrecycling resources,increasingproductioncapacityandreducingenergyconsumptionatthe sametime.Ontheotherhand,thewastegasandwastewatercanbetreatedindepth toreducepollutantemissions,soastoachievebothenergyconservationand emissionreduction.In2017,thecompanydecidedtocarryoutdesulfurization, denitrificationanddustremovaltransformationonthetailgasofthree240t/h (3×240t/h)coal-firedcirculatingfluidizedbedboilers,andestablishedthe desulfurization,denitrificationanddustremovalfortheexhaustof3×240t/h coal-firedcirculatingfluidizedbedboilerproject Throughtheanalysisofthesafetymanagementstatusandaccidentcasesofthe existingprojects,itisfoundthatatpresent,therearemanyproblemsinthesafety managementofthechemicalprojectsinthegroupcompany,suchasinadequate safetyeducationandtraining,laximplementationoftickethandlingsystem, inadequatecrossoperationmanagementandlowcomplianceoftheoperators.Itis alsoconsideredthatthecurrentsafetymanagementdeficienciesarecausedbythe imperfectionoftheprojectsafetymanagementsystem,thelowsafetyqualityof personnel,andtheunscientificconstructionorganizationdesignandscheme. Combinedwiththeproblemsofsafetyandprogressrestriction,qualitysafety non-standardandsafetymanagementpassivityexposedintheconstructionofdust removaltransformationproject,fromthepointofviewofaccidentcauses,itis consideredthatproductionprocessrequirements,complexconstructionconditions, and"unsafepsychologyofpeople,unsafestateofmaterialsandmachinery, perfectionofrulesandregulations,andharshenvironment"arethemostimportant factorsaffectingtheconstructionsafetymanagementofchemicalprojects. Therefore,inordertoimprovethefollow-upsafetymanagementlevelofthe 江苏大学工商管理硕士（MBA）学位论文 III dustremovalreconstructionproject,thesafetyeducationandtrainingcontent,safety andcivilizedconstructionmanagementsystem,constructionorganizationdesignand schemeandemergencyrescueplanareimproved.Finally,inthefaceofthe developmentneedsoftheindustryandtheproblemsexposedinthecurrentchemical projectsafetymanagementofThorpegroup,theconceptofbuildingadual preventionsystemofprojectsafetymanagementisproposed.Focusonrisklevel managementandcontrolandhiddendangerinvestigationandcontrol,andmake effortstoachieveriskmanagementandcontrolandautomaticearlywarningby meansofinformationtechnology. KEYWORDS:ChemicalProject,ConstructionSafetyManagement,Target Control,DoublePreventionSystem 江苏大学工商管理硕士（MBA）学位论文 IV 目录 1绪论.............................................................................................................................1 1.1研究背景..............................................................................................................................1 1.2研究目的及意义..................................................................................................................2 1.3国内外研究现状..................................................................................................................3 1.3.1国外研究现状...........................................................................................................3 1.3.2国内研究现状...........................................................................................................4 1.4研究内容、思路及方法......................................................................................................6 1.4.1研究内容...................................................................................................................6 1.4.2研究思路...................................................................................................................6 1.4.3主要研究方法...........................................................................................................7 2化工项目安全管理基础理论....................................................................................8 2.1化工项目概念......................................................................................................................8 2.2施工安全管理的内涵..........................................................................................................9 2.3安全管理原理和原则........................................................................................................10 2.3.1系统原理.................................................................................................................10 2.3.2人本原理.................................................................................................................11 2.3.3预防原理.................................................................................................................12 2.3.4强制原理.................................................................................................................13 2.4事故致因理论....................................................................................................................13 2.4.1事故频发倾向论.....................................................................................................13 2.4.2事故因果连锁论.....................................................................................................14 2.4.3能量意外释放论.....................................................................................................14 2.4.4两类危险源理论.....................................................................................................14 3SP公司化工项目施工安全管理现状......................................................................16 3.1SP公司生产现状...............................................................................................................16 3.2SP公司化工建设项目概况...............................................................................................16 3.2.1醋酸尾气CO回收项目.........................................................................................16 3.2.2甲醇硫回收装置扩建及ADC废渣治理项目......................................................17 3.2.310000吨/日污水处理和3000吨/日中水回用项目..............................................18 3.2.4余热回收设备制造项目.........................................................................................20 3.3已建化工项目施工安全管理现状分析..............................................