I 摘要 改革开放以来，中国经济步入高速发展的时期，国民收入不断提高，个人消 费市场也展现出一幅蓬勃景象，个人信贷和消费信贷的业务在不断的增加，这让 商业银行的发展迎来了新的机会，也让商业银行在风险管理方面遇到了新的挑 战。因为个人消费特征和企业组织的消费特点是不一样的，所以以前的研究中的 企业信贷风险评价的方式在个人贷款信贷中并不合适。所以，本次研究将选择 M 银行 C 支行作为研究对象，分析其个人贷款信贷业务风险管理的情况，针对该 银行的个人贷款业务的风险评价展开更进一步的研究。 M 银行 C 支行坐立于深圳市龙岗区，是一家积极履行社会责任的商业银行 支行，积极发挥银行业在社会资源配置中的枢纽作用和间接影响力，把“竭诚为 市民与企事业单位提供最优质金融服务”作为服务宗旨，打造了财富账号、一卡 通、电话银行、网上银行等优质产品，为顾客提供存款、贷款、结算业务、票据 贴现等业务。C 支行为在个人贷款业务市场争夺更多的利益，一直致力于个人贷 款业务的开发与投入。但是，在业务开展过程中屡屡碰壁。 本文通过对 C 支行的实地调研，并查阅国内外研究贷款业务风险管理方面 的大量文献资料，就 M 银行 C 支行的个人贷款业务的风险管理方案展开了研究， 发现 C 支行在个人贷款业务的经营过程中，出现了个人信贷客户经理风险管理 意识薄弱、风险管理体系不健全、管理方法落后社会信用基础缺失等问题，遭遇 到多种类型的风险，如信用风险、操作风险、法律风险等，致使个人贷款业务的 发展受到影响与制约，通过以 M 银行 C 支行的个贷业务风险管理的情况作为分 析的基础，利用了问卷法来辨别该支行个人信贷业务的风险，并进行整理和研究。 根据专家打分法以及层次分析法来整理风险因素，构建了一个比较完备的风险 识别清单。另外，本次研究通过层次分析法中的模糊综合评价法评价了该支行的 个人信贷业务风险，建设了一个模糊综合评价指标的系统，对于所有指数的权重 值进行了计算，按综合权重进行了排序。基于以上对 M 银行 C 支行的风险评价 研究，本文最后提出了完善个人贷款业务各环境风险管理、加强个人贷款借款人 的审查管理、健全 M 银行 C 支行内部管理机制和运用法律构筑风险防范的壁垒 四项对策与建议。摘要 II 关键词：信贷业务；风险管理；风险评价Abstract III Abstract Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has entered a period of rapid development, the national income is constantly increasing, the personal consumer market is also showing a booming scene, and the business of personal credit and consumer credit is constantly increasing. This not only ushered in new opportunities for the development of commercial banks, but also made commercial banks encounter new challenges in risk management. Because the consumption characteristics of personal consumption are different from those of enterprise organizations, the way of enterprise credit risk assessment in previous research is not suitable in personal loan credit. Therefore, this study will choose the C branch of M Bank as the research object, analyze the risk management of its personal loan business, and carry out further research on the risk assessment of the bank's personal loan business. The C branch of M Bank, which is located in Longgang District of Shenzhen City, is a commercial bank branch that actively performs its social responsibility, giving full play to the pivotal role and indirect influence of the banking industry in the allocation of social resources. Taking "wholeheartedly providing the highest quality financial services for the public and enterprises and institutions" as the service tenet, we have created high-quality products such as wealth accounts, all-in-one card, telephone banking, online banking and so on. Provide customers with deposit, loan, settlement business, bill discount and other business. In order to compete for more interests in the personal loan business market, C branch has been committed to the development and investment of personal loan business. However, it often runs into a brick wall in the process of business development. Through the on-the-spot investigation of C branch and consulting a large number of documents on loan business risk management at home and abroad, this paper studies the risk management scheme of personal loan business of M Bank C branch. It is found that C branch is in the process of personal loan business. There are some problems, such as weak risk management consciousness of personal credit customer managers, imperfect risk management system, backward management methods and lack of social credit foundation, and encounter many types of risks, such as credit risk, operational risk, legal risk and so on. as a result, the development of personal loan business is affected and restricted, based on the analysis of the risk management of individual loan business in the C branch of M Bank. The questionnaire method is used to identify theAbstract IV risk of the personal credit business of the branch, and collate and study it. According to the expert scoring method and the analytic hierarchy process to sort out the risk factors, a relatively complete risk identification list is constructed. In addition, this study evaluates the personal credit business risk of the branch through the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method of Analytic hierarchy process, constructs a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation indexsystem, and calculates the weight values of all indexes. it is sorted according to the comprehensive weight. Based on the above research on the risk assessment of the C branch of M Bank, finally, this paper puts forward four countermeasures and suggestions: perfecting the environmental risk management of personal loan business, strengthening the examination and management of personal loanborrowers,perfectingtheinternal management mechanism ofC branch ofM Bank and using laws to build barriers for risk prevention.. Key words: credit business;Risk management;The improved scheme目录 V 目 录 第一章 绪论 1 第一节 选题背景与意义...........................1 一、选题背景............................ 1 二、选题意义............................ 2 第二节 国内外研究综述...........................2 一、国外研究综述 .................... 2 二、国内研究综述 .................... 4 三、文献评述............................ 6 第三节 研究内容与方法...........................7 一、研究内容............................ 7 二、研究方法............................ 8 第四节 研究框架........8 第二章 个人信贷相关概念和风险管理相关理论 10 第一节 个人信贷相关概念.....................10 一、个人信贷定义 .................. 10 二、个人信贷分类 ...................11 三、商业银行信贷风险分类 .. 12 第二节 风险管理相关理论.....................13 一、风险管理流程 .................. 13 二、全面风险管理理论 .......... 14 三、风险资产管理理论 .......... 15 第三节 个人贷款业务信用评价方法.....16 一、模糊层次分析法 .............. 16 二、FICO 信用评分法............ 17 三、层次分析法...................... 18 第三章 M 银行 C 支行个人贷款业务及其风险评价存在问题分析.. 20 第一节 M 银行 C 支行个人贷款业务概况...........................20 一、M 银行 C 支行概况......... 20 二、M 银行 C 支行个人贷款业务发展现状 ........ 21 第二节 M 银行 C 支行个人贷款业务风险评价现状...........25目录 VI 一、M 银行 C 支行的组织结构和风险管理流程 25 二、M 银行 C 支行个人贷款的风险种类 ............ 28 三、M 银行 C 支行个人贷款业务的风险影响因素 ........................... 30 四、M 银行 C 支行个人贷款业务风险评价方法与指标 ................... 31 第三节 M 银行 C 支行个人贷款业务风险评价存在的问题与原因分析..........33 一、M 银行 C 支行个人贷款业务风险评价存在的问题 ................... 33 二、M 银行 C 支行个人贷款业务风险评价存在问题的原因............ 34 第四章 M 银行 C 支行个人贷款业务的风险评价体系的构建.......... 37 第一节 基本思路......37 第二节 基本步骤......38 一、个人贷款业务风险评价指标的确定.............. 38 二、建立模糊综合评价指标体系 ......................... 39 三、计算个人贷款业务各指标权重...................... 40 四、数据处理.......................... 42 五、构建模糊矩阵 .................. 44 六、模糊评价计算 .................. 44 第三节 结果分析......45 一、各风险指标的绝对权重的排序...................... 45 二、新风险评价体系实施效果分析...................... 47 第五章 M 银行 C 支行个人贷款业务风险评价体系的实施保障...... 49 第一节 完善个人贷款业务各环节风险管理........................49 一、贷前环节的风险