I 摘要 近年来我国商业银行所处的环境正在发生深刻的变化，利率市场化改革进程不 断加快，商业银行面临的经营风险和信用风险不断上升，以互联网金融为代表的新 业态对传统银行业的替代效应越来越明显，银行业市场的竞争日趋激烈。工行唐山 开平支行作为工商银行经营发展过程中基层管理单位，深切地感受到了我国经济发 展变化带来的困难和挑战，如何改善不利局势，提高支行经营效益，提升支行市场 竞争能力是该行迫切需要解决的问题，也是本文研究的出发点。 首先，文章简要对商业银行竞争力相关理论进行了梳理，对商业银行竞争力的 概念进行了定义，并总结归纳了5种当前比较有代表性的商业银行竞争力指标评价 体系及4种常用的评价方法。 其次，从工行唐山开平支行自身经营管理出发，综合考虑开平区区域特点、同 业竞争和近几年的经营情况等，对开平支行经营发展和竞争力提升过程中存在的问 题进行分析。 再次，在借鉴广大学者研究的基础上，构建了开平区国有商业银行竞争力评价 体系。将影响商业银行竞争力的因素分为盈利能力、资产管理与风险管控、发展能 力、品牌影响力等4个方面共12项评价指标。以2016-2018年相关经营数据为基础， 运用层次分析法、熵值法相结合的方式对开平区工、农、建三大国有银行进行竞争 力评价排名,并得出了该行在市场竞争方面的优劣势。 最后，根据分析结果，结合工行唐山开平支行实际情况，提出了5条提升该行 竞争力的对策和建议，希望能为支行提供可借鉴的发展思路。 关键词：商业银行竞争力；竞争力评价体系；层次分析法；熵值法 燕山大学工商管理硕士学位论文 II Abstract Atpresent,theenvironmentofcommercialbanksinChinaisundergoingprofound changes.Theprocessofmarket-orientedinterestratereformisaccelerating, therefore,businessrisksandcreditrisksfacedbycommercialbanksarerising.The substitutioneffectofthenewindustryrepresentedbyInternetfinanceonthetraditional bankingindustryisbecomingmoreandmoreobvious,andthecompetitioninthebanking marketisbecomingincreasinglyfierce.TangshanKaipingBranch,agrass-roots managementunitofIndustrialandCommercialBankofChina（ICBC）hasdeeply confrontedthedifficultiesandchallengesfromChina'seconomicdevelopment.Howto dealwiththeunfavorablesituation,improvetheoperatingefficiency,andenhancethe competitivenessofthesub-marketareurgentproblemstobesolve.Thisisalsothestarting pointofthispaper. Firstofall,thisthesisintroducedthetheoryrelatedtothecompetitivenessof CommercialBanks,furtherillustratedtheconceptofthecompetitivenessofCommercial Bank,followedbytheanalysisof5currentlyrepresentativeevaluationsystemstotest thecompetitivenessofcommercialBanksand4commonlyusedevaluationmethodsin contrastingthecompetitivenessbetweencommercialbanks. Secondly,startingfromtheself-managementofthebank,comprehensivelyconsidering theregionalcharacteristics,industrialcompetitionandtheoperationsituationinrecent years,theproblemsexistingintheprocessofKaipingSub-branch'soperationdevelopment andcompetitivenessenhancementareanalyzed. Thirdly,basedonthestudiesofscholars,thecompetitivenessevaluationsystemof state-ownedcommercialbanksinKaipingDistrictisstructured.Thefactorsaffectingthe competitivenessofcommercialBanksaredividedinto12evaluationindexesinfour aspects:profitability,assetmanagementandriskcontrol,developmentability,brand influence.Basedontheoperatingdatafrom2016to2018,theanalytichierarchyprocess (AHP)andentropymethodarecombinedtoconducttherankthecompetitivenessofthree state-ownedBanksinKaipingDistrict,namely,IndustrialandCommercialBankofChina (ICBC),AgriculturalBankofChina(ABC)andChinaConstructionBank(CCB).The Abstract III conclusionisthebankhasbothstrengthsandweaknessinmarketcompetition. Finally,basedontheanalysisbefore,andcombiningwiththesituationofTangshan Kaipingsub-branchofICBC,thearticleputs5forwardcountermeasurestoimprovethe competitivenessofthebank,hopingtorenderreferentialdevelopmentideas. Keywords:CompetitivenessofCommercialBanks；Competitivenessevaluationsystem； AnalyticHierarchyProcess；Entropymethod 目录 V 目录 摘要....................................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................................II 第1章绪论.....................................................................................................................1 1.1研究背景及研究意义................................................................................................1 1.1.1研究背景.............................................................................................................1 1.1.2研究意义.............................................................................................................2 1.2国内外研究动态........................................................................................................2 1.2.1国外研究动态.....................................................................................................2 1.2.2国内研究动态.....................................................................................................4 1.2.3研究述评.............................................................................................................7 1.3研究内容及方法........................................................................................................8 1.3.1研究内容.............................................................................................................8 1.3.2研究方法.............................................................................................................9 第2章相关理论概述.....................................................................................................11 2.1相关概念界定..........................................................................................................11 2.1.1竞争和竞争力...................................................................................................11 2.1.2企业竞争力.......................................................................................................11 2.1.3商业银行竞争力...............................................................................................12 2.2商业银行评价指标体系及评价方法......................................................................13 2.2.1具有代表性的指标评价体系...........................................................................13 2.2.2常用评价方法概述...........................................................................................14 2.3本章小结..................................................................................................................15 第3章工行唐山开平支行发展与竞争力现状.............................................................16 3.1支行概况..................................................................................................................16 3.2支行经营发展现状..................................................................................................16 3.2.1开平区经济形势...............................................................................................16 3.2.2支行经营概况...................................................................................................18 3.3支行竞争力现状及存在的问题..............................................................................19 3.4本章小结..................................................................................................................25 燕山大学工商管理硕士学位论文 VI 第4章工行唐山开平支行竞争力评价分析.................................................................26 4.1开平国有商业银行评价指标体系构建..................................................................26 4.1.1评价指标体系选取原则...................................................................................26 4.1.2评价指标体系的具体内容...............................................................................26 4.2开平国有商业银行评价方法的选择......................................................................27 4.2.1层次分析法的基本原理及步骤.......................................................................27 4.2.2熵值法的基本原理及步骤...............................................................................28 4.3工