随着我国经济社会的快速发展和金融市场的日益开放，如今的金融市场已经日趋完 善，银行业规模在不断扩大，竞争也日趋激烈。要生存和发展，银 行业首要解决的问题 是有效扩大业务范围和控制信贷风险。助力“有效增加就业岗位、促进经济不断增长， 保障社会和谐稳定”的小微企业发展，有利于扩大农信社的业务范围 ，更对我国进一步 调整经济结构和转变经济增长方式具有重要的战略意义。但大部分小微企业受规模小、 信用程度低、没有足够的抵押担保物等条件的限制，使得农信社为了规 避风险，不乐意 给一些小微企业发放贷款。面对小微企业融资难问题，农信社亟需建立起科学有效的小 微信贷风险识别控制机制，通过小微信贷推动小微企业发展，取得合作共 赢的实效。 本文首先总结分析了国外学者长期以来对小微信贷风险控制的研究成果，并对国内 学者对小微信贷风险及控制的研究成果进行了归纳阐述，概括总结出目前小微信贷 风险 控制的各种理论。其次，在对A农信社现状及小微信贷现状进行理论阐述论证的基础上， 采用文献研究法、问卷调查法和实际调研法等方法，分析了A农信社小微企业信贷风 险 控制的现状及面临的问题，将A农信社小微信贷存在的风险分别概括为“借款人风险、 内部风险、外部环境风险和法律风险”等四个部分。再次，对A农信社小微信贷面临的 四 个风险点分别进行了识别评估，在经过识别评估的分析后，将各类小微信贷风险划分 为“高、中、低”三个等级。最后，通过引入IPC技术，按照A农信社实际情况和面临 的问题 ，对怎样控制小微企业信贷中的“借款人风险、内部风险、外部环境风险和法律 风险”分别提出了风险控制对策。 关键词：农信社；小微企业；信贷风险；风险控制 研究类型： 专题研究 Subject：ResearchonRiskControlofSmallandMicroCreditinARural CreditCooperatives Specialty：MasterofBusinessAdministration Name：Fanhaixia(Signature) Instructor：Gaoyacui(Signature) ABSTRACT WiththerapiddevelopmentofChina'seconomyandsocietyandtheincreasinglyopen financialmarket,today'sfinancialmarkethasbecomemoreandmoreperfect,thescaleofthe bankingindustryisexpanding,andcompetitionisbecomingincreasinglyfierce.Tosurvive anddevelop,thebankingindustry'sprimaryproblemistoeffectivelyexpanditsbusiness scopeandcontrolcreditrisk.Thedevelopmentofsmallandmicroenterprisesthat"effectively increaseemployment,promoteeconomicgrowth,andensuresocialharmonyandstability"is conducivetoexpandingthebusinessscopeofruralcreditcooperatives,andhasimportant strategicsignificanceforChinatofurtheradjustitseconomicstructureandtransformits economicgrowthmode..However,duetothesmallscale,lowcreditlevel,andinsufficient collateralcollateral,smallandmicroenterpriseshavemadetheruralcreditcooperatives unwillingtogiveloanstosomesmallandmicroenterprisesinordertoavoidrisks.Facedwith thedifficultyoffinancingsmallandmicroenterprises,theruralcreditcooperativesneedto establishascientificandeffectivesmallmicrocreditriskidentificationandcontrolmechanism topromotethedevelopmentofsmallandmicroenterprisesthroughsmallandmicrocredit, andachievetheeffectivenessofcooperationandwin-win. Thispaperfirstlysummarizestheresearchresultsofforeignscholars'long-termcredit riskcontrol,andsummarizesthedomesticscholars'researchresultsonsmallmicrocreditrisk andcontrol,andsummarizesthecurrentvariousmicro- creditriskcontrol.theory.Secondly,on thebasisoftheoreticalelaborationandargumentationonthestatusofAruralcredit cooperativesandthestatusofmicro- credit,thispaperanalyzesthecreditriskcontrolofsmall andmicroenterprisesinAruralcreditcooperativesbymeansofliteratureresearch, questionnairesurveyandactualresearchmethods.Thecurrentsituationandproblemsfaced, therisksofthesmallcreditofARuralCreditCooperativearesummarizedasfourparts: “borrowerrisk,internalrisk,externalenvironmentalriskandlegalrisk”.Again,thefourrisk pointsfacedbyARuralCreditCooperative'smicro- creditwereseparatelyidentifiedand evaluated.Aftertheanalysisoftheidentificationandassessment,thevariousmicro-credit riskswereclassifiedintothreelevels: “high,mediumandlow”.Finally,throughthe introductionofIPCtechnology,accordingtotheactualsituationandproblemsfacedbyA RuralCreditCooperatives,thepaperproposesriskcontrolmeasuresforhowtocontrolthe “borrowerrisk,internalrisk,externalenvironmentalriskandlegalrisk” inthecreditof smallandmicroenterprises. Keywords:ruralcreditcooperatives;smallandmicroenterprises;creditrisk;riskcontrol Thesis:monographicstudy 目录 I 目录 1绪论...........................................................................................................................................1 1.1研究背景 及意义...................................................................................................................1 1.1.1研究背 景....................................................................................................................1 1.1.2研究意 义....................................................................................................................2 1.2国内外研究现 状..................................................................................................................2 1.2.1国外研究现 状............................................................................................................2 1.2.2国内研究现 状............................................................................................................3 1.3研究内容、方法和研究路 径...............................................................................................7 1.3.1研究内 容....................................................................................................................7 1.3.2研究方 法....................................................................................................................8 1.3.3研究路 径....................................................................................................................8 2农信社小微信贷风险控制理论概 述........................................................................................10 2.1小微企业的界定及特 点....................................................................................................10 2.1.1小微企业的界 定......................................................................................................10 2.1.2小微企业的主要特 点...............................................................................................11 2.2小微信贷风险的内容及特 征............................................................................................12 2.2.1小微信贷风险的内 容..............................................................................................12 2.2.2小微信贷风险的特 征..............................................................................................13 2.3小微信贷风险控制的概念及体 系....................................................................................13 2.3.1小微信贷风险控制的概 念......................................................................................13 2.3.2小微信贷风险控制的体 系......................................................................................14 2.4信贷风险的相关理 论........................................................................................................14 2.4.1信贷风险管理理 论..................................................................................................14 2.4.2信息不对称理 论......................................................................................................15 3A农信社小微信贷风险控制现 状............................................................................................17 3.1A农信社简 介......................................................................................................................17 3.1.1A农信社简 介...........................................................................................................17 3.1.2A农信社小微信贷业务简 介...................................................................................17 3.2A农信社小微金融事业部组织架构及贷款流 程..............................................................20 3.2.1A农信社小微金融事业部组织架 构.........................................