随着石油勘探规模的不断增大，我国巨型整装特大型油田越来越少，而高速发展的 国民经济对石油的需求量日益增加。为了适应当前的经济发展形势，我国石油工业开发 建设的目标逐渐转向低产、低压、低渗透油田。如何应用新技术提高此类油田的采收率， 成为当前急需攻关的重要课题。 微生物采油技术作为三次采油的一种重要手段，因其具有成本低、适应性强、工艺 简单、对产层无伤害和无环境问题等优点，已得到越来越多的重视和应用，尤其适用于 常规水驱后油藏的强化采油，具有广泛的应用前景。 本文针对子北涧峪岔油田的油藏特征，与中外微生物驱提高采收率油藏的筛选标准 和已实施微生物驱提高采收率区块的油藏条件进行对比；在室内研究的基础上，以数值 模拟为手段，探讨了现场微生物驱油方案的合理浓度、注入量及注入方式等，并从中优 选出最具可行性的方案，进行了微生物改善水驱效果的论证与预测；同时，在子北涧浴 岔油田开展微生物驱油现场初步试验，初步探讨了微生物驱油技术对该油田的适应性， 并通过现场试验结果证实了微生物驱油提高涧峪岔油田采收率的可行性。 关键词，涧峪岔油田，微生物驱油，可行性 报告类型，应用研究 II Subject，Technical feasibility studies of the Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery in low permeability reservior Speciality ，Oil and gas fiield development Name，Li Xue (signature) Instructor，Chen Mingqiang(signature ) ABSTRACT With the increasing scale of oil exploration，the number of China's giant ready oversize oil fields are shrinking，while at the same time the rapid development of national economy and the demand for oil is increasing. In order to adapt to the current economic situation，the goal of China's oil industry has gradually shifted to the development and construction of low-yield， low-voltage and low-permeability oil fields. Applying new technologies to improve oil recovery has currently become an important issue in China’s oil industry. As an important means of tertiary oil recovery，microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) technology has been widely implemented because of its low cost，adaptability，simple process，without injury and environmental problems to the production floor，etc， especially suitable for the EOR of conventional waterflood reservoir，and has a wide range of applications. In view of the characteristics of the bifurcation oil fields at the Jian valley in Zibei，this paper compares the domestic and foreign screening criteria for Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery and the conditions of oil reservoirs where the MEOR have been implemented; based on indoor studies and numerical simulation ， this paper also explores the reasonable concentration，injection volume and injection methods of live MEOR programs，and carries out the most feasible solution to proceed the analysis and prediction of the microbial water flooding effect; while carrying out the preliminary test of the MEOR in the bifurcation oil fields at the Jian valley in Zibei，discussing the technological adaptability of the MEOR to this oil field，and confirming the feasibility of using MEOR to improve the oil recovery at the Jian Valley in Zibei. Keywords， Jianyucha reservoir，Microbial enhanced oil recovery，feasibility Thesis: Applied Study III 目 录 摘要 ............................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT .................................................................................................. II 第一章 绪 论 ............................................................................................. 1 1.1 本文的研究目的和意义 ................................................................ 1 1.2 低渗透油藏特征及其提高采收率技术研究现状 ........................ 1 1.3 微生物提高采收率技术国内外研究现状及发展趋势 ................. 5 1.4 本文的研究内容和方法 ................................................................ 6 第二章 微生物提高采收率理论研究 ......................................................... 7 2.1 微生物提高采收率技术及其驱油机理 ........................................ 7 2.2 微生物提高采收率技术的优势及特点 ........................................ 9 2.3 微生物提高采收率技术的局限性及存在的问题 ......................10 2.4 微生物提高采收率技术的现况及发展前景 ..............................10 2.5 微生物提高采收率技术的应用条件 ..........................................11 2.6 微生物提高采收率技术的矿场应用 ..........................................12 第三章 子北涧峪岔长 2 油藏储层渗流特征分析 ...................................13 3.1 涧峪岔油田基本情况 ..................................................................13 3.2 油田勘探开发历程 ......................................................................14 3.3 储层孔隙结构特征 ......................................................................15 3.4 相对渗透率与水驱油特征 ..........................................................16 3.5 岩石表面润湿性与储层敏感性特征 .......................................... 17 第四章 子北涧峪岔长 2 油藏精细地质描述 ...........................................19 4.1 小层划分与对比 ..........................................................................19 4.2 构造特征 ......................................................................................21 4.3 沉积相特征 ..................................................................................22 4.4 砂体展布规律 .............................................................................. 26 4.5 储层“四性”关系及物性下限研究 ............................................... 27 4.6 储层非均质性研究及综合评价 ..................................................29 第五章 涧峪岔油田微生物提高采收率可行性与优化研究 ...................35 5.1 涧峪岔油田开展微生物驱的必要性 ..........................................35 5.2 微生物驱油藏地质特征及技术适应性 ......................................36 5.3 微生物调驱室内研究 .................................................................. 37 5.4 微生物驱数值模拟参数优化及效果预测 ..................................41 第六章 现场初步试验效果评价 ............................................................... 63 6.1 试验区施工部署 .......................................................................... 63 6.2 现场试验效果评价 ......................................................................66 第七章 结论与认识 ................................................................................... 70 致谢 ....................................................................................................... 71 IV