摘要 目前学界对于正式网络和非正式网络交互作用的研究多注重于探究其交互作用的结果及价值， 而如何促进适当的交互作用的形成却在一定程度上被忽视了。本文通过研究如何调整双元创新战略 与内部文化和外部环境相匹配以形成两个网络间的交互，从而解决这一问题。为此，我们对 156 个 企业的组织整体网络进行了调查分析以验证我们的模型假设。根据实证分析，利用式创新战略与权 力网和朋友网一致性是正相关关系，探索式创新战略与权力网和朋友网一致性是负相关关系；利用 式创新战略与工作流网络和朋友网一致性是负相关关系，探索式创新战略与工作流网络和朋友网一 致性是正相关关系。因此我们认为，双元创新战略，利用式创新战略和探索式创新战略都会对正式 网络与非正式网络一致性产生倒 U 曲线型影响。此外，本文还发现，组织集体主义文化和组织个人 主义文化增强了创新战略对正式网络和非正式网络交互作用的影响，环境复杂性削弱了组织集体主 义文化/组织个人主义文化对上述关系的影响。因此，本文通过探究正式网络和非正式网络交互作用 的前因，阐明战略前因和内外环境的影响，运用一个新的跨学科系统视角来分析上述基于复杂性理 论的组织结构问题，从而提供了三方面的贡献：第一，通过解释正式网络和非正式网络之间交互作 用的前因，弥补了目前对正式网络和非正式网络交互作用研究成果的不足。其次，在分析 156 个创 新型组织的整体网络数据的基础上，从双元创新战略的驱动、文化的内部调节、环境的外部调节三 方面，构建了反映企业互动前因的综合模型，对企业如何根据自身的环境特点进行应对，构建组织 文化，调整策略，形成最适合于正式网络和非正式网络的交互状态；同时为管理实践提供有价值的 指导。第三，借鉴复杂系统理论中的系统思维，为推导组织内部正式网络与非正式网络之间交互状 态的形成过程提供了一个全新的系统视角，能够清晰地揭示正式网络和非正式网络交互作用的整体 规律和阶段，为组织理论研究从跨学科的角度提供新的思路。 关键词：双元创新战略，正式与非正式网络一致性，组织集体主义文化，组织个人主义文化，环 境复杂性Abstract III Abstract The valuable effect of interplay of formal and informal networks has been proved while how to promote the formation of appropriate interplays was ignored. This paper addresses this gap by investigating how to adjust ambidexterity strategy and match internal culture and external environment to form the interplays. For this purpose, we surveyed 156 whole networks in enterprises and tested our model. As we hypothesized, ambidexterity strategy, exploitation and exploration innovation strategy all exert inverted U-shaped effects on the interplay of formal and formal networks, because exploitation/exploration innovation strategy is positively/negatively linked to the interplay between authority networks and friendship networks and exploitation/exploration innovation strategy is negatively/positively linked to the interplay between workflow networks and friendship networks. Moreover, we found organizational collectivism/individualism enhances the effects of innovation strategy on the interplays and environmental complexity weakens the effects of organizational collectivism/individualism on the relationships. Thus, the study delivers three contributions by showing the antecedents of the interplay of formal and informal networks, and clarifying the effect of strategic antecedents and internal and external context, and giving a new interdisciplinary systemic perspective to analyze above organization structural issues based on complexity theory. Firstly, we made up for the lack of current research focused on the results of the interaction between formal and informal networks by explaining the antecedents of the interplay between formal and informal networks. Secondly, we built a comprehensive model reflects the antecedents of interactions from driving effects of ambidexterity strategy and contingency moderator of culture as inner context and environment as external context based on analyzing of whole network data of 156 innovative organizations, we responded to how enterprise according to their environmental characteristics, build organizational culture and adjust its strategy, to form the most suitable for formal and informal interaction networks, while providing valuable guidance for management practices. Thirdly, we learnt from systematic thinking in a complex system theory, the study provided a totally new systematic perspective for deducing the formation process of the interplays between formal and informal networks within an organization, which could clearly show the whole laws and stages of formal and informal networks interacts, provide new ideas for organizational theoretical research from an interdisciplinary perspective. Keywords: ambidexterity strategy, interplay between formal and informal networks, complex theory, organizational collectivism/individualism, environment complexity目录 V 目录 摘要..................................................................................................................................................................I Abstract ......................................................................................................................................................... III 目录................................................................................................................................................................V 图表目录..................................................................................................................................................... VII 第一章 绪论...................................................................................................................................................1 1.1 研究背景.......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 研究内容.......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 研究意义.......................................................................................................................................... 3 1.3.1 理论意义............................................................................................................................... 3 1.3.2 实践意义............................................................................................................................... 4 1.4 可能的创新点.................................................................................................................................. 4 1.5 研究方法与技术路线图.................................................................................................................. 5 1.5.1 文献研究法........................................................................................................................... 5 1.5.2 实证研究方法....................................................................................................................... 5 1.5.3 研究路线图........................................................................................................................... 7 第二章 文献综述...........................................................................................................................................9 2.1 正式网络和非正式网络交互.......................................................................................................... 9 2.1.1 组织设计视角：正式组织和非正式组织交互 ................................................................... 9 2.1.2 社会网络视角：正式网络和非正式网络交互 ................................................................... 9 2.2 双元创新战略................................................................................................................................ 10 2.2.1 利用式创新与探索式创新 ................................................................................................. 10 2.2.2 双元创新战略..................................................................................................................... 12 2.3 复杂理论........................................................................................................................................ 13 2.3.1 复杂理论........................