在当今社会，随着环境破坏日益严重，生态环境变得恶劣，人们越来越重视环保理念，
而分布式光伏发电具有无污染、可持续的特点，在人类社会中的地位变得越来越重要，
这将是未来清洁能源产业发展的突破口。由于分布式光伏发电具有以上特点，因此，研
究分布式光伏发电项目的投资与决策对解决当今能源危机的问题具有十分重要的意义
本文在查阅大量国内外文献资料的基础上，从自然、政策、技术三个维度分析了
影响分布式光伏发电项目的因素。建立了以太阳能、方案、经济、社会和环境等五个
一级指标为基础，涵盖 19 个二级指标的分布式光伏发电投资决策评价指标体系。又针
对分布式光伏发电项目投资过程中存在的风险因素进行分析，以此完善投资决策体
系，最终建立了投资决策模型用于分析分布式光伏发电项目的投资决策。最后，通过
以山海分布式光伏发电项目为实例进行了投资决策模型的应用，验证了投资决策模型
的可行性
结果表明，山海项目所在地区太阳能资源丰富，当地政府对分布式光伏发电项目支
持力度大，有利于项目的顺利开展。并且通过对山海项目的技术可行性、经济可行性的
分析，得出该分布式光伏发电项目既可行又具有很大的经济效益
关键词：分布式光伏；发电项目；投资决策华北电力大学硕士学位论文
II
Abstract
With the development of technology, the use of solar energy has become a possibility,
solar energy is not only the highest attention of energy, which is currently the most reliable.At
present, China has built a number of new energy projects. Solar power generation technology
is one of the fastest growing and most scalable power generation technology, but also is
currently being evaluated as the most likely to replace oil and coal as a new technology. In
today&39;s society, people paymore and more attention to the concept of environmental protection.
The distributed photovoltaic power generation has the characteristics of no pollution,
sustainable. With the serious environmental damage and bad ecological environment,
distributed photovoltaic power generation is becoming more and more important in human
society, whichwill bethebreakthroughofenergyindustrydevelopment in thefuture.Asaresult
of distributed photovoltaic power generation has above characteristics, research on distributed
photovoltaic power generation project investment and decision-making to solve the problem of
today&39;s energy crisis has great significance.
On the basis of consulting a large number of domestic and foreign literatures, this paper
analyzes the influence factor of distributed photovoltaic power generation from nature, policy
and technology aspects. On the basis of Solar energy, Programme, economy, society and
environment, which covers 19 two level index, establishing the evaluation index system of
distributed photovoltaic power.Then it analyzes the risk factors in the process of distributed PV
project investment, so as to perfect the investment decision system and finally establish the
investment decision model to analyze the investment decision of the distributed photovoltaic
project. In the end, the investment evaluation model is applied through analysing the Shanhai
distributed photovoltaic project, whichverifys the feasibility of the investment decision model.
The results show that the area of Shanhai project is rich in solar energy resources. The
local government supports distributed photovoltaic power generation projects, which is
conducive to the smooth development of the project. Through the technical feasibility and
economic feasibility analysis of the Shanhai project, it is concluded that the distributed
photovoltaic power generation project is feasible and has great economic benefits.
Keywords: distributed photovoltaic，power generation project, investment decision华北电力大学硕士学位论文
III
目 录
摘要........I
AbstractII
第 1 章 绪论.....1
1.1 研究背景及意义1
1.1.1 研究背景....1
1.1.2 研究意义.......2
1.2 国内外研究现状...........2
1.2.1 分布式光伏发电对低碳经济影响的研究现状...........3
1.2.2 分布式光伏发电产业发展及战略研究现状...4
1.2.3 分布式光伏发电项目经济效益及风险分析研究现状.........5
1.3 课题研究的主要内容...6
第 2 章 影响分布式光伏发电项目投资决策的主要因素.....8
2.1 分布式光伏发电技术的原理..8
2.1.1 光伏系统的构成....8
2.1.2 太阳能光伏组件.....8
2.1.3 分布式光伏发电系统的特性.......9
2.1.4 分布式光伏发电系统的应用范围与方式........9
2.2 影响分布式光伏发电投资决策的技术因素.10
2.2.1 光伏组件的发电效率......10
2.2.2 组件匹配及线路因素影响.........11
2.2.3 直流转换为交流因素影响.........11
2.3 影响分布式光伏发电的自然因素...12
2.3.1 太阳辐射量的影响..........12
2.3.2 光伏板朝向及太阳的方向角因素影响..........12
2.3.3 温度因素影响........12
2.3.4 堆积灰尘因素影响...........13
2.3.5 各种因素的综合影响分析......
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