理论研究方面,本文对区域旅游竞争力、动态竞争力、区域旅游合作等理论
国内外研究的相关文献进行了梳理,确定了本文的切入点。在区域旅游竞争力理
论的指导下,科学建立评价指标体系。在动态竞争力理论的指导下,以动态集对
同一度分析法对中国与中东欧旅游动态竞争力进行动态分析。基于竞争力角度,
结合区域旅游合作动力系统的指导下,对中国与中东欧旅游合作提供建议
实证分析方面,根据WEF和WTTC2007-2015发布的竞争力报告,构建中
国与中东欧旅游动态竞争力评价指标体系。运用动态集对同一度矩阵,对中国与
中东欧旅游动态竞争力进行实证分析。中国地区旅游竞争力较强,中东欧各国内
部差异明显。其中,捷克、克罗地亚、匈牙利三国旅游发展较好,旅游对促进经
济作用明显
差异性分析,分别从差异化原因、基本格局差异、竞争力类型差异、优劣势
差异、空间差异以及世界排名差异进行了具体分析。基于WEF和WTTC对中国
与中东欧竞争力基本格局分析,中国与中东欧排名变化明显,可能与数据结构的
不一致,旅游产业发展的重要程度、各国经济发展水平不一致有关。中东欧地区
的优势主要体现在环境的可持续性较好、健康和卫生状况较好、旅游基础服务设
施较好等方面;劣势主要有旅游发展对经济的贡献程度低、交通和通讯条件较差、
自然和人文资源不够丰富等方面。中欧地区和波罗的海区域竞争力相对较好,东
南欧区域除克罗地亚和保加利亚竞争优势相对明显外,其他国家较弱。世界排名
中除中国的香港地区排名靠前,其他国家/地区排名中等或偏后
基于动力系统理论,中国与中东欧旅游合作,拉力主要体现在市场需求的扩
大、旅游产业经济规模化、交易成本节约等方面;支持力主要体现在客源市场扩
充带来的旅游经济提升、旅游资源差异性和共享性、宏观环境良好等方面;阻力
主要体现在意识形态的差异、中东欧内部差异大、政治环境复杂等方面。在“一
I 带一路”背景下,中国与中东欧地区展开旅游合作,具体可以从信息联通、资源
整合、交通联动、知识互动等方面展开
关键词:中国与中东欧;WEF; WTTC;旅游动态竞争力;区域旅游合作
II ABSTRACT
Under the guidance of theccthe Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century
Maritime Silk Road,5( abbreviated for B&R) strategy, it is important to strengthen
communication and cooperation with countries along the B&R. Tourism, as an open,
integrated industry, has an obvious industrial advantage. Central and Eastern
European (abbreviation for CEE) countries are in important location along the line 65
countries, taking almost a quarter of the areas which getting outstanding location
advantages. Based on the authoritative report of competitiveness by WEF and WTTC,
researching the tourism competitiveness of 16 coxmtries in CEE, we can understand
the tourism competitiveness of CEE, and it is a precondition of promoting cooperation
between China and CEE.
In the aspect of theoretical research,this paper reviews the domestic fuxd foreign
literature on regional tourism competitiveness, dynamic competitiveness and regional
tourism cooperation dynamic system theory, to determine the point of this article.
Under the guidance of regional tourism competitiveness theory,a multi-national,
multi-year, multi-index evaluation system has established scientifically. Under the
guidance of dynamic competitiveness, the paper makes an empirical analysis of
tourism dynamic Competitiveness between China and CEE. Under the guidance of
regional tourism cooperation dynamic system, the proposal is provided for China and
CEE tourism cooperation from the perspective of competitiveness.
In the empirical analysis, according to the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness
Report of the WEF and WTTC firom the year of 2007 to 2015, this paper constructs
the evaluation index system of tourism dynamic competitiveness in China and CEE.
By using Dynamic SPA(Set Pair Analysis) the paper makes an empirical analysis of
tourism dynmnic Competitiveness between China and Central and Eastern Europe.
Results shows that China has a stronger tourism competitiveness,CEE has obvious
internal differences. The Czech Republic, Croatia and Hungary have been developing
tourism well and promoting economic development obviously.
The difference analysis respectively from the reasons of difference, differences
of basic pattern, differences of competitiveness types, differences of advantages and
m disadv皿tages,differences of geo-spatial and the differences of world ranking.
Analyses of differences of basic pattern,the ranking of China and CEE changes
evidently, it may be relevant to the different data structure, the importance of tourism
industry development and tiie level of economic development of different countries.
The advantages of CEE is mainly manifested in the good environment, good health
and hygiene and good tourism infrastructure services,etc. The disadvantages are
mainly manifested in low degree of tourism^ contribution to the economy, poor
transportation and communication conditions, poor natural and cultural resources, etc.
The Central of CEE and the Baltic Region have the relatively good competitiveness,
the South Eastern European has poor competitiveness except Croatia and Bulgaria.
Hong Kong China is ranking at the top, otiier countries/regions are ranked medium or
low.
Based on the theory of dynamical systems, the tourism cooperation between
China and CEE, the tension is mainly reflected in the expansion of market demand,
large-scale development of tourism industry and the decrease of transaction cost. The
support is mainly reflected in the toxmsm market expanding and tourism economic
growth the differences and sharing of tourism resource and good macro environment.
The resistance is mainly reflected in the differences of ideology and nations, complex
political environment’etc. Wth the background of “B&R”,the information integration,
resource integration, transportation linkages,knowledge sharing can be contribute to
the tourism cooperation between China and CEE.
Key Words: China and CEE; WEF; WTTC; Tourism dynamic competitiveness;
Regional tourism cooperation
IV 目录
i
ABSTRACT Ill
1 1
1.1研究背景1.2研究目的1.3研究方法1.4研究思路和框架1.5研究意义1.62国内外研究综述2.1区域旅游竞争力国内外研究综述2.1.1国外研究综述2.1.2国内研宄综述2.2动态竞争力国内外研宄综述2.2.1国外研究综述2.2.2国内研宄综述2.3区域旅游合作国内外研究综述2.3.1国外研究综述2.3.2国内研宄综述2.4综述小结3中国与中东欧旅游动态竞争力模型构建及指标筛选3.1模型构建的数据来源及指标选取3.1.1 WEF简介及指标选取3.1.2 WTTC简介及指标选取3.2动态集对同一度分析方法概述3.3模型指标的权重3.3.1 WEF指标权重的确定3.3.2 WTTC指标权重的确定4中国与中东欧旅游动态竞争力实证分析
23
i 4.1 WEF中国与中东欧旅游动态竞争力分析
23
4.1.1基本格局
23
4.1.2类型分析
25
4.2 WTTC中国与中东欧旅游动态竞争力分析
26
4.2.1基本格局
26
4.2.2类型分析
28
4.3中国与中东欧旅游动态竞争力差异化分析
30
4.3.1差异化原因分析
30
4.3.2基本格局差异分析
31
4.3.3竞争力类型差异化分析
32
4.3.4优劣势差异化分析
32
4.3.5空间差异化分析
37
4.3.6世界排名差异化分析
40
5中国与中东欧旅游合作与建议
43
5.1中国与中东欧旅游合作的动力系统分析
43
5.1.1引力系统分析
43
5.1.2辅助系统分析
45
5.1.3干扰系统分析
46
5.2中国与中东欧旅游合作建议
47
5.2.1信息联通,加强中国与中东欧旅游宣传推广
48
5.2.2资源整合,推动中国与中东欧旅游线路联动
49
5.2.3交通联动,提升中国与中东欧旅游距离通达
50
5.2.4知识互动,提高中国与中东欧旅游人才建设
50
6结论和展望
51
6.1结论与创新
51
6.2不足与展望
52
参考文献 53
附录A中国与中东欧旅游合作进程
61
附录B中国与中东欧旅游动态竞争力评价分析
63
附录C中东欧国家签证及航班等信息统计
67
附录D主要机构名称中英文对照表
71 附录E (攻读学位期间的主要学术成果)
73
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