Making Victory Count After Defeating ISIS Stabilization Challenges in Mosul and Beyond Shelly Culbertson, Linda Robinson CORPORATION Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit rand/pubs/permissions. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at rand/giving/contribute rand For more information on this publication, visit rand/t/RR2076 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN:978-0-8330-9859-7 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. R is a registered trademark. Cover image by Mstyslav Chernov. iii Preface Te fate of Mosul, Iraq’s second- largest city, its largest Sunni- majority city, and the larg- est city captured by the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), is critical to eforts to per- manently defeat the terrorist group and create a stable Iraq. Tis report focuses on the aftermath of the major combat operations in Mosul, the management of civilian needs (including returning homeafter displacement), and the requirements for achieving lasting stability in Mosul and other combat- afected areas of Iraq. Te authors conducted exten- sive feld research in Iraq at the local and national levels, including case studies of stabiliza- tion efortsafterbattles in major urban centers such as Ramadi, Fallujah, and Tikrit. Te issues identifed as related to Mosul also mirror the broader requirements for stability throughout the confict- afected areas of Iraq. In addition, many of the chal- lenges and solutions identifedwill require action by the national government and policies that address the under lying issues,whether they pertain to sufcient prioritization and funding of programs, development of adequate professional security forces, or reconcili- ation mea sures to resolve conficts among Iraq’s principal po liti cal groups. Te recom- mendations and prioritization scheme ofered in the fnal chapter are thus directed at the national government of Iraq and the key stakeholders in the international community. Te report should be helpful to planning eforts by the U.S., Iraqi, and Kurdis- tan regional governments, as well as the international community, which is playing a signifcant role through the United Nations, the Global Co ali tion toCounter ISIS, and bilateral eforts. Te report makes a unique contribution by gathering timely primary source materials from key ofcials in government, military, and aid agen- cies with leadership responsibilities related tothese issues; addressing the crosscutting humanitarian, stabilization, and po liti cal challenges; and ofering recommendations that are crucial for the stabilization of Mosul and other areas to ensure that the cam- paign to defeat ISIS is ultimately successful. RAND Ventures RAND is a research organ ization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier, ivMaking Victory Count after Defeating ISIS and more prosperous. 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