摘 要
美国《萨班斯法案（SOX）》的出台，以及我国《企业内部控制配套指引》的
颁布，使得企业内部控制问题成为近年来财务管理领域研究的热点。与此同时，
国内外资本市场屡次揭露的财务舞弊案例也暴露上市公司审计委员会职能的缺失
导致内部控制存在很大问题。因此，致力于企业内部控制缺陷研究，将有利于降
低企业内部控制缺陷，切实保护投资者的利益。

本文在委托代理理论、信息不对称理论、公司治理理论和内部控制理论分析
的基础上，围绕上市公司审计委员会特征与内部控制缺陷之间的关系提出研究假
设，建立二元 Logistics 实证研究模型，以 2012 年度我国深圳证券交易所的 144 家
具有内部控制缺陷的上市公司为研究对象，探索审计委员会具有代表性的三个特
征：独立性、勤勉性、专业性，研究这三个方面特征与上市公司内部控制缺陷之
间的关系。实证研究结果表明，审计委员会的独立性、勤勉性和专业性对内部控
制缺陷均有影响，但它们的影响效果不同，独立性对运行缺陷的抑制作用显著大
于设计缺陷，而勤勉性和专业性对设计缺陷的抑制作用大于设计缺陷，但专业性
的影响效果更加显著。根据研究结论，本文对我国现代企业的审计委员会制度安
排提出了一些有益的政策性建议。

关键词：审计委员会特征；内部控制缺陷；设计缺陷；运行缺陷

Abstract
The promulgation of America's Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) and China's The Supporting
Guidelines of Enterprise Internal Control makes the problems of enterprise
internal control become a hotspot in research of financial management in recent years.
Meanwhile, financial fraud cases of capital markets at home and abroad also expose the
lack of the audit committee functions resulting big problems of the internal control in
listed companies.Therefore, committing to deficiency research of enterprise internal
control benefit reducing the internal control deficiency to protect the interests of
investors.
On the basis of principal-agent theory, asymmetric information theory, the theory
of corporate governance and internal control theory, the paper proposes research
hypothesis and establishes the binary Logistics empirical research model around the
relationship between listed company's audit committee characteristics and internal
control deficiency. It explore three representative characteristics: independence,
diligence, professionalism researching the relationship between these three
characteristics and listed company internal control deficiencies with the Shenzhen Stock
Exchange of 144 internal control deficiencies in listed companies in 2012 as research
samples. Model results show that the independence, diligence and the professionalism
of the audit committee both has effect on internal control deficiencies, but their impact
is different. Independence to operational deficiencies of inhibitory effect is significantly
greater than designed deficiencies, while diligence and professionalism to designed
deficiencies inhibitory effect is greater than operational deficiencies, but the influence
of the professional is more significant. According to the above research conclusion, the
paper puts forward useful policy suggestions related to the modern enterprise of the
audit committee system arrangement.
key word: audit committee characteristics; internal control deficiencies; designed
deficiencies; operational deficiencies