本文首先对建国以来信用社各个发展阶段进行了追述，并对黑河市近十
几年的改革成果进行了总结，重点对黑河市县级农村信用联社改革中存在的
问题及成因进行了研究。然后对县级农村信用联社三种改革模式的优缺点进
行比较，通过对黑河市经济金融环境和黑河市农村信用社内外改革环境进行
分析，认为黑河市五家县级农联社应以县域为基础，按照股份制模式运作，
改造成农商行。随后通过对五家县级农村信用联社自身条件与设立要求对比
和两种设立方式比较，得出各家县级农村信用联社应根据自身条件选择自发
设立或兼并重组方式。最后对县级股份制农村商业银行成立后发展提出了完
善法人治理、转变经营方式、加强内控建设等建议
关键词：农村信用社；股份制；改革模式；设立方式
Abstract
Rural credit cooperatives in China has been developing for 60 years, after
several-year reform, Heihe city county rural credit cooperatives union still
engaged in simple traditional financial business, its slow growth of capital scale
can not meet the requirements of the development of the modern agriculture. And
the competition of rural financial market becomes stronger, Rural credit
cooperatives cannot follow the other financial institutes not only from the
corporate governance but also management system, staff quality, capital strength,
business and service level. There will be a big difference between Rural credit
cooperatives and other financial institutes if Rural credit cooperatives cannot
make a strong reform and change the way of his development. This paper takes
the reform of Heihe County Rural credit cooperatives as the background,
according to the modern property rights theory, the use of empirical analysis and
comparative analysis, quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis method, to
aims to find out the deficiency and reason, and makes a sustainable development
on the deep research on the reform of Heihe County Rural credit cooperatives. At
the same time, the relevant research results can be provided to the management
department and the supervision departments for supplying the theory and the
reference for reform of the other financial institutes of the same kind.
First, this paper analyses the situation of reform on Heihe County Rural
credit cooperatives, focusing on problems, and the reason why it raised the
question. Then it makes the comparison in the both merits and demerits of 3
kinds of reforming model and define the reforming model by analysis on the
economic environment and both inside and outside reforming environments in
Heihe. After that, it expounds the requirements to establish a Country Rural
shareholding system commercial bank, and find out that County Rural credit
cooperatives should choose the method of establishment and regroup by ma king
the comparisons of selfconditions for 5 County Rural credit cooperatives and 2
kinds of establishment methods. At last, it suggests that Country Rural
shareholding system commercial banks after establishment should improve the
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